Category: Burma

  • Saya Zawgyi

    Saya Zawgyi

    by Hla Min

    Updated : June 2025

    ဆရာ ဇော်ဂျီ / ဦးသိန်းဟန် (1907 – 1990)

    စာပေ Literature

    • ခေတ်စမ်းစာပေ Khit San Sar Pay

    သိပ္ပံမောင်ဝ၊ မင်းသုဝဏ် နဲ့ အတူ with Theikpan Maung Wa & Minthuwun

    • အမျိုးသားစာပေဆု ( ဘာသာပြန်) National Literary Award for Translation
    • အမျိုးသားစာပေဆု (ကဗျာ) National Literary Award for Poetry
    • စာပေဗိမာန် ဆု Sarpay Beikman Prize for Manuscript

    ဘွဲ့ Degree / Award

    • ဝိဇ္ဇာ Bachelor — ဆရာဦးဖေမောင်တင် ရဲ့ တပည့်
    • မဟာဝိဇ္ဇာ Master — English & မြန်မာ Literature

    * စာကြည့်တိုက်ပညာ Library Science — Dublin တက္ကသိုလ်

    * Wunna Kyaw Htin ဝဏ္ဏကျော်ထင် 1949

    * Thiri Pyan Chi သီရိပျံချီ 1961

    အတွေ့အကြုံ Experience

    • ဆရာ၊ မြို့မ အထက်တန်းကျောင်း
    • ဆရာ၊ ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် မြန်မာစာ ဌာန
    • စာကြည့်တိုက်မှူး၊ Chief Librarian

    ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် စာကြည့်တိုက်

    တက္ကသိုလ်များ စာကြည့်တိုက်

    • ဥက္ကဌ / နာယက / အကြံပေး
    • အဖွဲ့ အစည်း — တော်တော်များ

    မှတ်တမ်း

    • Dr. ခင်မျိုးဟန် / သမီးကြီး ရဲ့ စာအုပ်
    Book
    • တို့ တိုင်းပြည်
    Poem
    • ပန်းပန်လျက်ပဲ
    Poem 2
    • မင့်အိမ်
    Poem 3
    • တက္ကသိုလ် ဆရာ ခြောက်ဦး Six University Teachers
    Sayas
    • ကဗျာ ညီနောင် Two Poets
    Poets
    • ကဝိ သုံးဦး Three Kavi’s
    Kavi’s
    • ဆရာ့ ရုပ်ထု Bust
    Bust
    • ဆရာ့ ပုံ (တချို့) Selected Photos
    Photo 1
    Photo 2
    Photo 3
    • လက်ရေးမူ Handwritten
  • Chairman at Stanford University (without a Masters)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : June 2025

    Robert W (Bob) Floyd
    (June 8, 1936 – September 25, 2001)

    • He attended the University of Chicago. He has two Bachelor degrees. He completed BA in 1953 at the age of 17. He finished BS in 1958 after working and studying part-time.
    • In most US universities, one needs a doctorate to be an Assistant Professor.
    • Floyd is an exception. He was appointed Associate Professor at Carnegie Mellon University in 1965. Stanford University lured him in 1968 and promoted him to Full Professor in 1970. In 1973, he was appointed Chairman, Department of Computer Science at Stanford University.
      He supervised Ph.D. candidates.
    • Floyd received numerous awards including the prestigious ACM Turing Award, which is considered the equivalent of a Nobel Prize in Computer Science.
    • Professor Donald Knuth (ACM Turing Award Winner, Author of “The Art of Computer Programming”, “TeX & MetaFont”) recommended Floyd for the Chair.
    • Floyd had been a major reviewer of Knuth’s Classic Texts. Knuth said, “Floyd had published 13+ seminal papers. Every one of them is worthy of a Doctorate.”

    Related Posts

    • Pioneers
    • Silicon Valley
    • Turing Award
  • Pu Zaw Pwe

    Pu Zaw Pwe

    by Hla Min

    Updated : June 2025

    Pu Zaw Pwe ပူဇော်ပွဲ

    • It is a Noble Tradition that is practiced in Burma.
    • Thet Kyee Pu Zaw Pwe သက်ကြီးပူဇော်ပွဲ is for paying respect to the Elders. The age requirements vary.
    Sayas at SPZP-2000
    • Saya Pu Zaw Pwe ဆရာပူဇော်ပွဲ is for paying respect to the sayas and sayamas. Some use the term Acariya Pu Zaw Pwe အာစရိယပူဇော်ပွဲ

    Thet Kyee Pu Zaw Pwe

    Seniors

    • The definition of a Senior may vary with place and time.
    • In some places, a Senior Day is held. Transportation, Food, Entertainment and Photo-shoot are provided for seniors of all races and creeds.

    At a Festival

    • Thet Kyee PZP may be held in conjunction with a Festival, e.g Thingyan or Thadinkyut. Buddhists may also pay respect physically to the Elders.

    Myanmar Engineering Society

    MES
    • MES organized Thet Kyee PZP for Senior Engineers and Architects.

    All-Mechanical Gathering

    All Mechanical Gathering
    • The All-Mechanical Gatherings have a program to pay respect to Thet Kyee Mechanical Engineers.

    Acariya Pu Zaw Pwe

    Examples :

    • Combined 1st BE Intake of 64 and 65
    • M72 and selected Disciplines
    • ICST/UCSY

    Saya Pu Zaw Pwe

    SPZP-2000

    • RIT Alumni International hosted the First RIT Grand Reunion and SPZP in San Francisco, California in October 2000.
    Kyauk Si Bagyee for SPZP-2000
    • The term Saya Pu Zaw Pwe was chosen over Saya Ga Dawt Pwe so that Alumni of different Faith can pay back the Metta and Cetana of their mentors.
    SPZP-2000 Organizers
    • I am honored to be a Core Organizer of SPZP-2000. I wrote the poem “SAYA PU ZAW PWE”. It was published in the RIT website and the Commemorative Issue of the RIT Alumni Newsletter for SPZP-2000.
    Newsletter for SPZP-2000
    Back cover of Newsletter
    EE Group at SPZP-2000

    Singapore SPZPs

    • Singapore hosted SPZP-2002, SPZP-2007 and SPZP-2010. Saya U Moe Aung (Tekkatho Moe War) and team published Commemorative Issue of Swel Daw Yeik Sar Saung for the SPZPs.
    • My poem (SAYA PU ZAW PWE) was reprinted on the Back Cover of SDYSS-2002.
    • I wrote a poem “SWE DAW YEIK” for SDYSS-2007.
    • I wrote an article “EE Sayas : A Sad and Short Clip” for SDYSS-2010.

    Yangon SPZPs

    • Yangon hosted SPZP-2004, SPZP-2012 and SPZP-2016.
    • Commemorative Issue of Swel Daw Yeik Magazine was published for SPZP-2012 and SPZP-2016. U Saw Lin (GBNF) was Chief Editor of SDYM-2012. Saya U Moe Aung was Chief Editor of SPZP-2016. Several Distinguished Authors (e.g Ma Sandar, Maung Sein Win — Padeegone, N Jar Thaing, Aw Pi Kye) also served as Editors.
    • Due to the pandemic, SPZP-2020 was canceled.

    Gone But Not Forgotten

    • Some of the Organizers and Volunteers of the SPZPs are GBNF. They include Saya Allen Htay, Ko Saw Lin, Ko Aung Moung, Ko Than Sin Myint and Ko Robin.
    Saya Allen Htay (Left)
    • Several Sayas are GBNF. They include U Ba Toke, H Num Kok, U Soe Khaw, U Ba Than, U Min Wun, U Khin Aung Kyi, U Thit, Dr. Mg Mg Win, S Arya, S Kyaw Aye, U Soe Lwin.
    Sayas U Ba Than & U Ba Toke
    • Sayas U Aung Khin, Dr. Aung Gyi and U Myo Myint Sein are 90+ years young. Many of our sayas are 80+ years young.
    • We hope to see SPZPs in the not so distant future (after the Calamities have ended).
  • Rowing

    Rowing

    by Hla Min

    Updated : June 2025

    Types

    Burmese Style

    Laung လောင်း is the traditional rowing in Burma.

    Leg Rowing is performed by Inntha အင်းသား (inhabitants of Inlay Lake)

    Western Style

    In the early days, the western style of rowing was done at Rangoon Boat Club (RBC). It was an exclusive club.

    Sir Arthur Eggar (RU Law Professor, former rower at Cambridge University, author of Egg-Baird rowing style) founded Rangoon University Boat Club (RUBC) in 1923. He pledged a third of his salary for the operating expenses of RUBC. Rangoon University Estate built the RUBC Club House with the Fund provided by U Nyo.

    Publications

    Past Captains : Four Brothers & Cousin

    40th Anniversary Magazine (in 1963)

    Compiled/edited by U Tin Htoon (A60) with the help of Sithu U Tin (President) and U Po Zon (Vice President)

    90th Anniversary Magazine (in 2013)

    90th Anniversary

    Compiled/edited by team :

    • U Tin Htoon (Chair)
    • U Myo Myint (EC67, Vice Chair)
    • U Htaik San (Henry, M81, Secretary)
    • U Hla Min wrote “Prelude” for the sections and short articles
    • Dr. Tin Wa
    • U Khin Zaw
    • U Zaw Min Sein
    • Daw Joe Phyu
    • U Yemunn Soe
    • Daw San San Myint
    • U Hla Maw Tun
    • Dr. Nay Lin Aung

    Autobiography of Sir Arthur Eggar

    Autobiography
    Back cover

    Saya U Tin Htut (M60), U Tin Htoon, U Myo Myint, U Htaik San (Henry), Daw Joe Phyu, U Thura Thant Zin (M76), Dr. Donald Chan and I donated for the publication.

    The articles were first published in the Guardian Magazine. It covers the rowing days at Cambridge, founding of RUBC, trips to Rangoon (first as a Mathematics teacher and later as a lawyer and Professor), …

    RUBC

    Member

    • 10 kyats (annual membership)
    • 50 kyats (or so, for life time membership)

    Executive Committee (EC)

    • Honorary Treasurer
    • Honorary Secretary
    • Vice Captain
    • Captain

    The EC is elected by voting at the AGM (Annual General Meeting). I was the last Treasurer to be elected by the members. The next year, I became the last Vice Captain.The following year, I should have been Captain, but the higher authorities had a new rule. I became sadder but wiser.

    Early Presidents

    • Sir Arthur Eggar (Life time)
    • Commodore Than Pe
    • U Tun Thoung
    • Sithu U Tin
    • Saw William Paw

    Two busts were made to honor Sir Arthur Eggar and Commodore Than Pe.

    During the Adhamma Days, Sir Arthur’s bust was put in a place (out of sight). The Board listing the ECs was also moved (out of sight).

    Novices

    There were two races at the Regatta : Senior Novice (for 1st & 2nd place) and Junior Novice (for 3rd & 4th place).

    Senior Novice Winning crew is awarded the Eggar Pewter & broaches (for bragging rights).

    In 1954, an All Paulians crew won the Senior Novices race. Tin Htut (Cox), Tun Shein (Willie Saing, Stroke), M Hla Min (Moosaji, 3), and Than Nyun (George Nyun, 2) later became RUBC Gold. Sao Hso Holm (Mawn Pawn Sawbwa Lay) was Bow.

    Tin Wa (Cox), Victor Htun Shein (GBNF, Stroke), Sunny Teng (3), Mya Maung (Minn Aung, 2), Mehm Than Thaung (Maurice Tun Thaung, Bow) won Senior Novice and Color Challenge for both the Monsoon Regatta and the Annual Regatta in 1958 and 1959. They are known as the Golden Crew.

    Our Paulian crew was Runner-up for Senior Novices in 1963. We were awarded Full Green. Myint Thein (Cox), Myint Soe (Willie, Stroke) and Maung Maung Kyi (Bow) are now GBNF. Kyaw Wynn rowed as (3). I was No. (2).

    Hla Min & Maung Maung Kyi

    Color Awards

    • Half Green
    • Full Green
    • Gold

    Details can be found in the 90th Anniversary Magazine

    Defense Services Rowing Club

    Commodore Than Pe (GBNF) and Bohmu Maung Maung Than Tun (GBNF) were founding members of the club. Both are Past Captains of RUBC.

    Commodore Than Pe was Minister of Education and Health. He passed away and was succeeded by Colonel Hla Han.

    A few years back, U Maung Maung Than Tun was the oldest living Past Captain of RUBC. He was a few months older than Saya U Tin U (C), who is now the oldest and most senior Past Captain of RUBC.

    Burma Rowing Federation

    • Western and Traditional Rowing
    • Later include Kayak, Canoe
    • My brother U Sein Htoon (M63, Past Captain of RUBC, ARAE Champion in 1960) is Past President

    Regattas

    Rag Regatta

    One day fun-filled program; Finalists for the Novices are seeded at the Monsoon Regatta

    Monsoon Regatta

    Annual Regatta

    ARAE Regatta

    FEARA Regatta

    Amateur Rowing Association of the East (ARAE)

    Tin Htoon (S) and Harry Saing (B) won the Venables Bowl for Coxless Pairs at the 1958 ARAE Regatta in Calcutta.

    1960 ARAE Champions

    Tin Htoon (S), Sunny Teng (3), Victor Htun Shein (2), Harry Saing (B) and Sein Htoon (Cox) won the Willingdon Trophy for Coxed Fours at the 1960 ARAE Regatta in Colombo.

    Far East Amateur Rowing Association (FEARA)

    Regattas were held in Hong Kong and Manila.

  • RIT 69ers — Activities

    RIT 69ers — Activities

    by Hla Min

    Updated : June 2025

    Milestones

    • 1964 — Admitted to first ever 2nd BE
    2nd BE student
    • 1969 — Most members graduated
    69er Grads
    • 1999 — 30th Anniversary of Graduation
    • 2009 — 40th Anniversary of Graduation
    M69 in 2009
    • 2014 — Golden Jubilee of Admission
    Shwe YaDu
    • 2019 — Golden Jubilee of Graduation
    GJ of Graduation
    • 2024 — RIT 60th Anniversary ; 55th Anniversary of Graduation

    BFF — Best Friends Forever

    Swe Swe Kyaw Zin (daughter of U Kyaw Zin EP69) presented 69er Caps & Hats at a 69er Monthly Breakfast Gathering.

    69er Health Care Fund

    U Aung Min (M69) and team manage the 69er Health Care Fund

    • ကျန်းမာရေး ရံပုံငွေ Some make lump sum donation. Some donate in installments.
    • 40% ကွယ်လွန် Gone But Not Forgotten

    Reunion & Acariya Pu Zaw Pwe

    • On special occasions, the 69ers host the Reunion & Acariya Pu Zaw Pwe
    • Yearly — Annual Dinner & Entertainment (e.g M3, Panda, U Aung Min’s previous office)
    • Monthly — Breakfast Gathering (mostly at Royal Rose Restaurant / Taw Win Hnin Si) ; Could not meet during the Covid pandemic
    • Ad hoc — e.g Daw Myint Myint (C69) hosted lunch at Western Park to welcome Nyunt Nyunt Wai / Millie (T69); U Tin Win (Min69) hosted lunch at Crystal Jade for SPZP attendees

    အမှတ်တရ လက်ဆောင် ပေးကြ Exchange Gifts

    69er Cap
    • 69er Cap
    69er Hat
    • 69er Hat
    69er Mug
    • 69er Mug
    69er Towel
    • 69er Towel
    • 69er Golden Jubilee Magazine ရွှေရတု စာစောင်
    • 69er Address Book
    • ပုဆိုး Pasoe
    • ထီး Umbrella
    • တရားစာအုပ် Dhamma book
  • Lest We Forget

    Lest We Forget

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    1988

    Members of the San Francisco Bay Area honored the Fallen Heroes of Burma’s Democratic Movement in general, and the events around the ominous 8-8-88 (August 8, 1988) in particular.

    Attendees

    Among the attendees were

    • Dr. Kyaw Tint
    • U Maung Maung Latt
    • EC and members of BADA
    • EC and members of OMC
    • Ah Nu Pyinnya Shins (vocalists, dancers, …)
    • Supporters of the Democratic Movement.
  • December 2023

    RUBC Centennial

    Preparation

    Gone But Not Forgotten

    • Dr. Myo Tint (Past Captain and Gold)
    • Maung Maung Than Tun (Past Captain and Gold)
  • Female Scholars

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    ကနဦး အမျိုးသမီး ပညာတော်သင်များ

    ပညာရေး Education

    • ဒေါ်ခင်ခင်ကြီး Khin Khin Gyi
    • Dr. ခင်မြ Khin Mya
    • Dr. စောရီ Saw Yi
    • Dr. ကေ မြရီ K Mya Yi

    သမိုင်း History

    • ဒေါ်မြစိန် Mya Sein
    • Dr. သောင်း Blackmore / Thaung
    • Dr. ရီရီ Yi Yi
    • Dr. ခင်လှဟန် Khin Hla Han
    • ဒေါ်ခင်ခင်ကြီး Khin Khin Gyi

    ပထဝီ Geography

    • Dr. သင်းကြည် Thin Kyi
    Dr. Daw Thin Kyi

    ဘောဂဗေဒ / ဝါဏိဇ္ဇဗေဒ Economics / Commerce

    • Dr. ခင်ညိုညို Khin Nyo Nyo
    • Dr. ခင်အုန်းသန့် Khin Ohn Thant
    • Dr. ရီရီချစ်မောင် Yi Yi Chit Maung
    • Dr. ကြည်​မေကောင်း Kyi May Kaung
    • Dr. ခင်စန်းရီ Khin San Yi

    စာကြည့်တိုက်ပညာ Library Science

    • Dr. ခင်သက်ထား Khin Thet Hta
    Daw Khin Thet Hta

    နိုင်ငံရေးသိပ္ပံ Political Science

    • Dr. Emma Ba Yoke ညွန့်ဟန် Nyunt Han

    စာပေ Literature

    • Dr. ခင်မြကြူ Khin Mya Kyu
    • Dr. ခင်​လေးမြင့် Khin Lay Myint

    သတင်း ဂျာနယ် ပညာ Journalism

    • Dr. Majorie တင်ညို Tin Nyo

    ရုက္ခဗေဒ Botany

    • Dr. ရီရီ Yi Yi
    • Dr. မြမြသန်း Mya Mya Than
    • Dr. ခင်စိန် Khin Sein

    သတ်တဗဒေ Zoology

    • Dr. Lynsdale
    • Dr. မြမြနု Mya Mya Nu

    ရူပဗေဒ Physics

    • ဒေါ်ငြိမ်း Nyein
    • ဒေါ်မေစု May Su
    • Dr. ခင်မြမြ Khin Mya Mya

    သင်္ချာ Mathematics

    • Dr. လှလှစိန် Hla Hla Sein

    ဘူမိဗဒေ Geology

    • Dr. ရင်ရင်နွယ် Yin Yin Nwe

    —-

    ဆေးပညာ / ကျန်းမာရေး Medicine, Surgery …

    • ဒေါ်မမခင် Nutrition / Ma Ma Khin
    • Dr. Saw Hsa FRCS, Surgery
    • Dr. ရင်မေ FRCS, FRCOG, FRCP / Yin May
    • Dr. ခင်ကြည်ကြည် Pharmacology / Khin Kyi Kyi
    • Dr. ခင်ကြည်ကြည် Microbiology / Khin Kyi Kyi
    • Dr.ခင်မကြီး Physiology / Khin Ma Gyi
    • Dr. စန်းရီ Physiology / Khin San Yi
    • Dr. မာလာမောင် Marlar Maung

    * Credit: Dr. သိမ်းအုပ်ကျော်မြင့် Thane Oke Kyaw Myint

  • Salary

    Salary

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    Terms

    • Base Pay : Used for calculating pension, etc.
    • CLA : Cost of Living Allowance
    • Pay Scale is specified as S – A – M where
      S : Starting Salary
      A : Annual Increment
      M : Maximum Salary (also known as Bar)

    Typical Pay Scales (six decades ago)

    • Tutor or Demonstrator : 200 – 10 – 300
      Typical CLA = 97
      Starting pay is 200 + 97 = 297 Kyats
    • Lecturing Tutor : Gets 100 Kyats additional;
      Starting pay is 397 Kyats
    • Assistant Lecturer (AL) : 350 – 25 – 700
      Typical CLA = 89
      Starting pay is 350 + 89 = 439 Kyats
    • Lecturer : 800 – 50 – 1200
      No CLA
      Has access to staff shop
      Can spend 10% of salary at the staff shop
    • Professor: 1300
      No Annual Increment
      No CLA
      Has access to “staff shop”
      May be eligible for a house in the Campus

    Changes

    • CLA was abolished
    • Tutor gets a Starting Salary of 320 Kyats
    • Assistant Lecturer gets a Starting Salary of 450 Kyats
    • New positions and/or scales were introduced

    Examples:

    • Gazetted officer: 450 scale & above
    • Engineering Instructor: 450 – 25 – 700 [“new” position]
    • Assistant Lecturer: 450 – 25 – 700 [“new” scale]
    • Lecturer: 800 – 40 – 1000 [“new” scale]
    • Associate Professor: 1000 – 50 – 1200 [“new” position]
    • Professor : 1300 [“old” position and scale]

    Observation

    • A hybrid system (Professor, Associate Professor & Lecturer) was adopted instead of the more common system (Professor, Associate Professor & Assistant Professor)
    • Some departments saw
      Gyar scale: 500 – 30 – 800 [“new” scale]
    • It took longer to get promoted.
      e.g. An Engineering Instructor needs to become Assistant Lecturer (with no visible increase in pay) before becoming Lecturer.
    • The pay raises due to a promotion were no longer substantial (especially with the high cost of living and the decline of the purchasing power of Kyat).
    • Several sayas who were Lecturers (when I was a student) retired as Lecturers.
    • Several sayas retired as Assistant Lecturers. In contrast, one saya became Associate Dean in Thailand.
    EE Sayas
  • Book Presents

    From Dr. Thane Oke Kyaw Myint

    TOKM

    Dr. Thane Oke Kyaw Myint (SPHS 60, IM1 67) mailed me a copy of the book “Tribute to Dr. Thane Oke Kyaw Myint : The Journey of a Peripatetic Paediatrician”. Thanks.

    There are almost a hundred articles covering 600 pages.

    • 5 articles on “Lest we forget”
    • 6 articles on “Tributes”
    • 33 articles on “Family and friends”
    • 52 articles on “Words of tribute by friends, colleagues, and former students

    From Nga Kyan Pyan Sasana Yeiktha

    Received a copy of the Centennial Celebration of “Nga Kyan Pyan (Dawei) Sasana Yeiktha”.

    It contains my article on the importance of time.

    From Ko Wint Khin Zaw

    U Khin Zaw

    Received an autobiography of Saya U Khin Zaw (“K”) sent by Ko Wint Khin Zaw (A 79).

    It was originally titled “Burma in my Life-time”, but had to be renamed “Myanmar in my Life-time” for the reprint.