Blog

  • Retirement Option

    Retirement Option

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Reginald (Reynold) Wu and his cousin Victor Wu (Tin Aung, RUBC Gold, GBNF) were members of the Novice crew coxed by my elder brother.

    His older brother Derrick (GBNF) and younger brother Samuel are also RUBC members.

    Reginald wanted to retire, but wanted to spend the four months leave (before retirement) to enjoy (e.g visiting Asia including Burma).

    He passed away unexpectedly during the leave period.

    His spouse did not receive the full compensation since he had not retired.

  • Non-believer in Palmistry

    Non-believer in Palmistry

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    U Hla Moe (Dawei) was Cox of the Senior Novices Winning Crew : U Than Soe (M63, RUBC Gold), U Yin Maung, U Chit Swe and Dr. Byron Law Yone (GBNF).

    U Ba Than (Fitness Teacher, Palmistry Expert) warned him (who was planning a trip home before coming back to Rangoon to become a temporary monk) of an impending danger.

    He replied, “I had an accident that left scars on my face. It is safe to go on the Schooner owned by my father”.

    The Schooner sunk at sea. A rescue ship eventually saved three crew members, who reported that U Hla Moe was helping others before they lost sight of him.

  • Fatal Pony Ride

    Fatal Pony Ride

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Peter Pe (64 Intake)

    He was among the Top students — along side Zaw Min, Tommy Shwe (GBNF) and Cho Aye (GBNF) — that were admitted to 1st BE in November 1965.

    He is the younger brother of Saya U Nita Pe (Min / Geol).

    He represented RIT in Swimming and Water Polo.

    He fell from a horse and was taken to the hospital. He passed away.

    Ko Zaw Min posted an article about him.

    Emma Myint wrote : He was our classmate. I attended his funeral.

  • Album — G

    Album — G

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Golden Jubilee

    • Rangoon University celebrated its Golden Jubilee in December 1970.
    • I was a volunteer for the “Zay Nay Yar Cha Htar Yay Committee” headed by Saya U Tun Hla Aung (Geography).
    • Saya Dr. Aung Gyi (Professor, Civil Engineering) and Saya U Thet Lwin (Burmese, Institute of Economics) were Chair and Secretary of a Committee. They had a reunion as Rector and Registrar of RIT.
    • Ah Nu Pyinnya Shins from RIT took part in the Entertainment with Swel Daw Yeik A Nyeint, Tabin Daing A Ka & Htee Yein.
    RU Golden Jubilee
    RIT Htee Yein

    There are other Golden Jubilees :

    • GJ of the new Education System introduced in 1964
    • GJ of Admission to University or Institute
    RIT GJ in 2014
    • GJ of Graduation from University or Institute
    69ers GJ in 2019

    Geology

    • Dr. Tha Hla received his doctorate from the UK. He served as Professor of Geology Department. He retired as Rector of the University of Rangoon.
    • His successors include Dr. Nyi Nyi, U Ba Than Haq and Dr. Maung Thein.

    Geology Sayas and Sayamas

    Dr. Tha Hla
    Dr. Nyi Nyi
    Geology 1978
    Dr. Maung Thein

    Geology Volleyball

    Geology Volleyball

    Graduation

    RIT Grads

    • RIT 69ers
    Tin Aung Win (M69) & his father
    M69 grads
    A69 grads

    Graduation Photos

    • In the early days, some quality photos had to be taken in Studios. The photo (taken at “Bayin Ma”) shows proud parents of a fresh graduate.
    Grad 1
    • It was customary to take photos at the “Full Dress Rehearsal” and in front of the Convocation Hall.
    Grad 2
    • Permits were issued to registered photographers to take photos during the Convocation. Maung Maung Nhyat made a fortune.
    Grad 3
    Grad 4

    Geography Sayas

    Geography Dept
    • L Dudley Stamp taught at LSE and RU.
    • Dr. Daw Thin Kyi was an early Burmese Sayama to receive a Doctorate from USA. An Alumnus donated Seed Money for her bust.
    Dr. Daw Thin Kyi
    • Dr. Maung Htoo : Professor
    • U Kyaw : Principal, Workers’ College; Rector, Institute of Education; Father of U Myo Nyunt (Harry, OPA) & Daw San San Kyaw (UCC)
    U Kyaw
    • U Win : Received Doctorate from USA; GIS; Water Resource

    Posts

    • Games
    • GBNF : Gone But Not Forgotten
    • Guardian
  • Album — D

    Album — D

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Dagon Taya

    Dagon Taya
    Dagon Taya’s Book
    • Distinguished author
    • Reminisced his University Days

    Daj Hammarskjold

    Daj Hammarskjold (UNSG)
    • Second United Nations Secretary General (UNSG)
    • Succeeded Trygvie Lie as UNSG
    • Visited Burma
    • Perished in a plane crash during a UN Mission.
    • Succeeded by U Thant as UNSG

    David Ben Gurion

    David Ben Gurion
    • Founding member and first Prime Minister of Israel.
    • Awarded an honorary degree from Rangoon University.

    Diamond Jubilee

    RU Diamond Jubilee 1995
    • The RU Diamond Jubilee was celebrated in 1995.
    • Dr. Soe Win (IFL), Daw May Saw Lwin (Chemistry), Ko Aung Mon (YIT) and Ko Nyi Thet Lwin (IM1) were staying in the Main Campus, but affiliated with four different Universities and institutes

    First Day Cover and Stamps

    First Day Cover (RU Diamond Jubilee)
    50 Pyas Stamp (RU Diamond Jubilee)
    Two Kyats Stamp (RU Diamond Jubilee)

    Dora Than Aye

    Dora Than Aye
    • Vocalist
    • Journalist / Broadcaster
    • UN employee

    Dway

    Dway
    • YIT/YTU Graduate
    • Movie actor
    • Nephew of Kyaw Hein
    • D (Names)
    • Dana
    • Data
    • Daw
    • December
    • Din (Names)
    • Doctor
    • Dr.
  • Album — C

    Album — C

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Cartoonists

    RIT Cartoonists
    • RIT is known for its cartoonists in general and “Cartoon Box” in particular.
    • Ko Myint Pe (M72) co-founded “Cartoon Box”. The Patrons were Saya U Khin Maung Phone Ko (C64, “Phone Ko”, Vietnam Cartoons) and Saya U Aung Myint (Pet69, “Kyant Ba Hone”, GBNF).
    Khin Maung Phone Ko
    Aung Myint
    • Aw Pi Kyeh (“Mann Bei”) served as Secretary of RIT Cartoonists Association and later as President of Myanmar Cartoonists Association.
    • The cartoonists compiled a special issue of “Selected RIT Cartoons” for SPZP-2012. They also published Cartoon Brochures for Shwe YaDu in 2014 and SPP-2016.

    Chancellor

    • The Rangoon University Act of 1920 stated that roles of the Chancellor, Pro-Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Pro Vice-Chancellor.
    • The Prime Minister of the Union of Burma is also the Chancellor of Rangoon University.
    • The road leading to the RU Convocation Hall is called the Chancellor Road.
    College, Council (RU Act of 1920)
    Chancellor (RU Act of 1920)
    • Prime Minister U Nu gave the Chancellor’s speech at the Convocation of Rangoon University in November / December 1961.
    Chancellor Speech (1961)
    • For a period (especially citing Insecurity), the gates to the Chancellor Road were closed or closely guarded.
    • The Yar Pyae Ak Kyo (Pre-RU Centennial) began in December, 2019.
    • Some of the RU Centennial events for took place at the Convocation Hall, Recreation Center and the Universities’ Central Library.
    • Due to Covid-19 pandemic, there were often restrictions.
      Some events were recorded in the Campus, and broadcast later via Myanmar Ah Than.
    Chancellor Road

    Coup

    • Coup d’etat by the 17-man Revolutionary Council took place on March 2, 1962.
    • Commodore Than Pe (President of RUBC) was appointed Minister of Health and Education. He passed away shortly afterwards.
    • Colonel Hla Han succeeded Commodore Than Pe as Minister of Health and Education. He became Chair of the Rangoon University Council.
    Col. Hla Han

    Chou En Lai

    The Chinese Prime Minister visited Burma and took part in the Thingyan Festival.

    Chou En Lai

    Convocation

    • The Convocation is mostly held at the Convocation Hall.
    • Exceptions include the ad hoc Convocation ceremonies at Kyaikkasan and Aung San Stadium.
    • Some graduates had to wait a few years to attend their Convocation.
    Convocation Hall
    Convocation 1963
    63 – 64 – 65 at Kyaikkasan
    Convocation 1977

    Collegian

    • He was known as “Pa Pu”, “Nay Dun” and “Nay Win (B.A.)”.
    • Joined the Navy before attending RU.
    • Represented RU and Burma in Soccer.
    • U Chin Sein auditioned him for the leading role of Collegian (movie based on Zawana’s novel). He became known as “Collegian Nay Win”.
    Collegian Nay Win

    Cross Lake

    • Swimmers participate in the Cross Lake event held in the Inya Lakes.
    • The 2000 yard course runs from Dubern Beach to RUBC (Rangoon University Boat Club).
    • Nyunt Nyunt Tin posted a photo of her Gold Medal.
    • From RIT, the winners included Htay Aung (M69, Burma Selected for Water Polo)
    Cross Lake 1965
    • Census
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Chemistry
    • Chit Swe (Names)
    • Civil Engineering
    • Condolences
  • Album — A

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Amyotha Aung Pwe Nay
    (National Day)

    • The First Rangoon University Students’ Strike took place on December 5, 1920 to protest the limitations of the Rangoon University Act of 1920.
    • The movement led to the establishment of Amyotha Kyaung (National School) and Amyotha Kaw Leik (National College).
    • The Burmese date — 10th Waning Day of Tazaung Mon Month in Burmese Era 1282 — is used for the Celebration of Ah Myo Tha Aung Pwe Nay.
    • There is a difference of 638 years in the Gregorian and Burmese Calendars. Note that the Gregorian New Year falls on January 1, while the Burmese New Year falls around April 17. A correction is needed for the period January 1 to April 17.
    • To convert from AD to BE, subtract 638.
      e.g. 1920 – 638 = 1282
    • To convert from BE to AD, add 638.
      e.g. 1282 + 638 = 1920
    • A commemorative stamp for the Golden Jubilee of Amyotha Aung Pwe Nay is shown below.
    Ah Myo Tha Nay Golden Jubilee Stamp

    Aung San

    • He was born on February 13, 1915.
    • His Zartar name (per his natal horoscope) was Htain Lin.
    • His formal name is Aung San (which rhymes with Aung Than : name of his elder brother).
    • Bogyoke Aung San led a Burmese delegation to London in 1947. He signed the Aung San – Atlee Agreement (Sar Choke).
    • He was assassinated on July 19, 1947 along with Ministers (Thakin Mya, Deedok U Ba Cho, Mahn Ba Khaing, Mongpawn Sawbwa Sao San Htun, U Ba Win U Razak), ICS U Ohn Maung and Yebaw Ko Dway.
    • Centennial Celebrations were held in 2015. I wrote “A-U-N-G S-A-N” for the Centennial Celebration held in the San Francisco Bay Area.
    Bogyoke Aung San in London, 1947

    Australia in 2016

    • In 2016, I visited Sydney, Australia to attend three gatherings : RIT Alumni, UCC Alumni, De La Salle Schools Alumni (mostly Paulians)
    • The Annual Dinner of Myanmar Engineers (mostly RIT alumni) was organized by Saya U Hla Myint (M65), Saya U Myo Win (M65) and the Executive Committee and members of MEAA (U “Henry” Thet Tun, U Sein Win and U Wint Khin Zaw). The attendees included Sayagyi D. Freddie Ba Hli (National Advisor for the Ministry of Planning, former DG of UBARI, GBNF). Sayas and sayamas who could not attend include U Thit (Metallurgy), U Maung Maung Win (M61) and Daw Yin Yin Mya (English). The spouses of several alumni are medical doctors.
    Gathering in Australia (2016)
    • Saya U Aung Zaw (UCC, CSO, ABAC, GBNF) and Ma Kyawt hosted a UCC Pu Zaw Pwe for Sayagyi Dr. Chit Swe (Founder of UCC, Pioneer of Computer Education and Application in Burma, GBNF) and Sayagyi Dr. Freddie Ba Hli (Board Member of UCC Project, GBNF).
    • Saya Dr. Thann Naing (Bonnie Kywe, SPHS 66, Geology 70) hosted a lunch gathering in the Olympic Park for the alumni of De La Salle Schools (e.g. St. Paul’s, St. Peter’s, St. Albert’s) in Burma. Attendees included Dr. Thane Oke Kyaw Myint (SPHS6) who flew in from Brisbane, Ko Myo Lwin (Stanley Saw, SPHS65, M71, New Zealand). The entertainer was U Pantra (Moe Ma Ka Sydney, Pattla expert).

    All Mechanical Gatherings

    • The first gathering was held in 2016. The Master of Ceremonies were U Hla Win and Daw Mar Mar Yee.
    • Annual gatherings were held in subsequent years.
    • The following is the invitation for the gathering in 2018 held at Dolphin Restaurant.
    All Mech Gathering Invitation 2018
    • The Gathering for 2019 was moved to a restaurant in Pyithu Yin Pyin near Shwe Dagon Pagoda. Attendees paid respect to Thet Kyee Sayas and Engineers (80+ years young).

    Allen Htay (C58, GBNF)

    • He joined the Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering in 1958 as an Assistant Lecturer.
    • Masters from Harvard University
    • Upon return to Burma, he was promoted to Lecturer.
    • Also studied in Netherlands.
    • Worked for UN project in Bangladesh.
    • Moved to USA.
    • Leader of the San Francisco Bay Area Alumni Group and President of RIT Alumni International.
    • Core organizer for SPZP-2000 (First RIT Grand Reunion and Saya Pu Zaw Pwe) in San Francisco, California in October 2000.
    • His article “Brother, can you spare US $500?” led to five Golden Sponsors and many donors — large and small.
    • He retired twice, but came out of retirement because his former students offered him jobs. He passed away while working for CalTrans (California Transportation).
    • In his memory, his spouse Daw Mu Mu Kin donated Saya’s books to YTU Library. She also provided financial aid to eligible YTU students.
    Saya Allen Htay

    Aung Moung (M73, GBNF)

    • U Ba Than (former Professor of Mechanical Engineering) suffered a great loss when Ko Aung Moung passed away.
    • Ko Aung Moung was a core volunteer for SPZPs, HMEE project, and several RIT-related activities.
    • He also volunteered for several monasteries. Many monks offered to come by themselves to the Final Journey at Yay Way.
    Aung Moung

    Aw Pi Kyeh

    • “RIT Cartoon Box” was founded by U Myint Pe (M72) with Saya U Khin Maung Phone Ko (“Phone Ko”, C65) and Saya U Aung Myint (“Kyant Ba Hone”, Pet 79) as Patrons.
    • Four (or more) generations of Cartoonists ran “RIT Cartoon Box”.
    • The Box was closed after 8-8-88.
    • A popular cartoonist was “Mann Bei”. He served as Secretary of RIT Cartoonists Association. Gained fame as “Aw Pi Kyeh”. Became President of Myanmar Cartoonists Association.
    • During his tour to USA, I met him twice : once in Northern California (at the beginning of his trip) and once in Southern California (at the end of the trip).
    Aw Pi Kyeh 1
    Aw Pi Kyeh 2

    Autographs

    There were at least two sets of autographs in the RU Centennial Facebook Group.

    • One posted by Hazel Kyaw Zaw (about her mother Daw Chit Swe’s autograph)
    • Another posted by Audrey Than (about her role models including UNSG U Thant)

    Aung Pyie
    (Khin Maung Myint, Writer)

    • For RU Centennial, there were posts about some notable Burmese / Myanmar authors, poets, academicians and politicians.
    • An example is provided below.
    Writer : Aung Pyae (Khin Maung Myint)

    Posts

    • Alumni
    • April
    • Associations
    • August
  • Album — B

    Album — B

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Bogyoke Aung San

    Bogyoke Aung San 1
    Bogyoke Aung San 2
    Bogyoke Aung San 3
    • Attended Rangoon University and received B.A.
    • Took Law classes for a year before deciding to engage full time in politics.
    • Active in the RU Student Union. Served in various capacities (e.g. Secretary in his early days).
    • Chief Editor of Oway Magazine
      Expelled for not disclosing the author of “Hell Hound At Large”. His expulsion led to the RU Students’ Strike.
    Hell Hound At Large
    • Translated “Invictus” for Oway Magazine. Reprinted in the RU Golden Jubilee Magazine.
    Translation of Invictus
    • Brutally shot by assassins on 19th July, 1947.
    19 July

    Bo Aung Kyaw

    Bo Aung Kyaw
    • Victim of the police brutality.
    • He was posthumously named “Bo Aung Kyaw”.
    • Sparks Street was renamed “Bo Aung Kyaw Street”.
    • The following is an article which was first published by Nagani and reprinted in Oway Magazine.
    Bo Aung Kyaw

    Ba Maung
    (Sports Officer)

    Ba Maung
    • Under the then new Education System, Sports Officers were appointed for the various Universities and Institutes.
    • He was Soccer Selected for Burma. Sports Officer for RASU.
    • Other sports officers included
      U Thet Win (Diving) for the Institute of Economics and
      U Maung Maung (Soccer) for Rangoon Institute of Technology.

    Badminton

    RIT Badminton 1
    RIT Badminton 2
    • Saya U Yone Moe (Rector, GBNF)
    • Saya U Maung Maung Than (Chair, RIT Sports Council, GBNF)
    • Saya U Thein Lwin (President, RIT Badminton, GBNF)
    • Sai Kham Pan (Burma Selected, EP69), Ko Myint Sein (M69), Bishnu Shahi (EE69er) and team won the Inter-Institute Trophy
    Sai Kham Pan
    • Sai Kham Pan was Burma Champion in Men’s Doubles and No. (2) in Men’s Singles behind Kyi Nyunt

    Khin Maung Zaw (KMZ) wrote :

    There was another national-level badminton player from Textile, couple – if not more, junior to me. He also ran marathons. Unfortunately his name escaped me at this time. We used to hang out together at Sports Officer Ko Maung Maung’s office in those days.

    Bagyee Wai Soe & Bagyi Kan Thein

    Bagyee Wai Zoe
    Bagyi Kan Thein
    • Recreation Center hosted several indoor sports events.
    • There was a shop that sold post cards and paintings (e.g. by Bagyee Wai Soe)
    • There was a barber shop opened by Bagyee Kan Thein (an employee of the RU Students Union Building)

    B.Com

    • Bachelor degree offered by the Department of Commerce
    • The department was under the Faculty of Social Science, which became the Institute of Economics in 1964.
    • The RU Centennial Pages had photos of Commerce grads.
    B Com 1
    B Com 2

    BIT Social and Reading Club

    BIT Social and Reading Club
    • Saya U San Tun (M59) won Gold Medal and joined the Faculty of Engineering as Assistant Lecturer. He received Masters from MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in the USA.
    • Upon his return, he was promoted to Lecturer. Taught at BIT (Burma Institute of Technology) in the Gyogone Campus.
    • Served as Hall Tutor and as a member of the BIT Social and Reading Club.

    Botany

    • The following is a Badge for the Botany Department at the University of Rangoon.
    Botany Badge

    Burmese-English Dictionary

    Judson’s Burmese-English Dictionary
    • Reverend Judson and team compiled two dictionaries :
      Burmese- English Dictionary
      English-Burmese Dictionary
    • They also translated the Bible into Burmese

    Burmese Calendar

    Burmese Calendar
    • Wrote about the Burmese Calendar in the BAPS (Burmese American Professional Society) Newsletter, where I served as Contributing Editor.
    • Posted enhanced versions of the article in “RIT Alumni International Newsletter”
      and my web site hlamin.com

    Benny Tan (Yu Beng, M70)

    Benny and Angelina Tan
    • Received the “Let Phount Tat Thar” (Sharpshooter) award twice at UTC (University Training Corps).
    • After graduating with Mechanical Engineering in 1970, he moved to the USA.
    • Masters from University of California at Berkeley.
    • Had successful careers as a Professional Engineer and as an Entrepreneur.
    • After handing over Tan Enterprise to his son, he is enjoying world wide travel (when granted permission by his six grand children).
    • Founding member of RIT Alumni International which hosted the First RIT Grand Reunion and Saya Pu Zaw Pwe in San Francisco in October 2000. Designed the SPZP-2000 Banner and Mementos.
    • Multiple Golden Sponsor of SPZPs along with Ko Thaung Sein (Steeve Kay, EC70, GBNF).
    • His spouse Angelina was his personal Xerographic copier in his RIT days.
    • B (Names)
    • Bala (Strength)
    • Balance
    • BAPS
    • Ba Than (Names)
    • BEA
    • Bo / Boh (Names)
    • Boundary
    • Boxing
    • BRS
    • Burma’s Son
    • Burmese
    • Burmese Presidents
  • Month — March

    Month — March

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Background

    • 3rd month of the Gregorian Calendar and has 31 days.
    • First month of the old Roman Calendar.

    Events

    Taw Hlan Yay Nay

    • The resistance against the Fascist regime started on March 27, 1945. March 27 is celebrated as Taw Hlan Yay Nay (Resistance Day).

    Coup d’etat

    • The Union of Burma lost Democracy on March 2, 1962.
      The 17-man Revolutionary Council led by General Ne Win staged Coup D’etat. Many were detained. They include Mahn Win Maung, President of the Union of Burma; U Nu, Prime Minister; Shan Sawbwas / Saophalongs

    Phone Maw & Soe Naing

    • Ko Phone Maw (5th year RIT student and Lanzin Lu Nge) was hit by a stray bullet on March 13, 1988.
    Phone Maw 1
    Phone Maw 2
    • Ko Soe Naing and Ko Myint Oo were also hit and hospitalized in not-so-humane conditions.
      Ko Soe Naing succumbed to the gun shot wounds. Ko Myint Oo survived.
    • March 13 was declared as “Burma Human Rights Day” and “Phone Maw and Soe Naing Nay”.
    • During the Pwint Linn Era, requisites were offered in memory of Ko Phone Maw and Ko Soe Naing.

    Saying

    • Mad as a March hare
  • Month — November

    Month — November

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Background

    • 9th month of the old Roman calendar. Nov means nine.
    • 11th month of the Gregorian calendar.
    • It has 30 days.

    Events

    November 1

    • It is “All Saints Day”. It is preceded by Halloween (which falls on October 31st).

    Sunday following Halloween

    • DST (Daylight Savings Time) requires resetting the clock according to “Spring forward. Fall back.” Currently, DST is set back in Fall (Autumn) on the Sunday following Halloween.

    November 8

    • It is the Anniversary of my beloved parents.
    My beloved parents

    November 11

    • Three generations chose November 11 for their Wedding or Reception
    • Dr. and Mrs. Chan Taik
    • Daughter Margaret Chan Taik and Dr. Myo Tint
    • Granddaughter Ma Kay and Soe Min Oo (both EC 93)

    November 22

    • John F Kennedy (President of the United States) was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963.
    • Conspiracy Theory about his assassination survives.
    • A few days earlier, President Kennedy gave his speech in Hoston, Texas : “Before this decade is out, we will send men on the moon and bring them safely back to earth.”

    Tazaungdaing

    • It often falls around November.
    • Kathein robe offering often take place in early November.
      It must be held during one month following the Full Moon Day of Thadinkyut (which usually falls in October).

    Veterans Day

    • November 11 is celebrated as Veterans Day in the USA.
    • It is celebrated as Armistice Day in the UK and France.
    • A hundred years ago, Truce was called between the Allied Forces and Germany. The Truce occurred at 11 AM, marking the event with three 11s.
    • WWI (First World War) ended a year later with the Versailles Treaty.

    US Elections

    • The second Tuesday of November is scheduled for US Elections at the various levels.
    • The Presidential Elections occur every four years.
    • The mid-term elections occur every two years. The House of Representatives serve two year terms. One third of Senators are elected every two years.
    • Local races for Elections and Resolutions are held every year.
    • Senators serve six year terms.
      To ensure continuity in the Senate, the election of the Senators is staggered into three groups.

    Commercialization of Thanksgiving

    • Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November.
    • Black Friday & Cyber Monday following Thanksgiving have massive sales. Some start their Black Friday early.
    • Several English words (e.g. November, Black Friday) have lost their original meaning.