Author: Hla Min (Lifelong Learner)

  • Digit

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Feb 2026

    Term

    • A digit may stand for a finger.
      The use of ten fingers for counting may have given rise to the Decimal Number System.
    • A digit may stand for a symbol of a Number System.

    Base

    • A Number System has a Base (or Radix). The Base specifies the number of digits used in the system.
    • Decimal Number System (Base 10) uses ten digits : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
    • Binary Number System (Base 2) uses two digits : 0 and 1.
    • Octal Number System (Base 8) uses eight digits : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
    • Hexadecimal Number System (Base 16) uses sixteen digits :
      0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.

    Computing

    • Some early computers and calculators use Base 10.
    • Most computers use Base 2 internally. Since binary numbers are long, they are expressed externally using Octal and Hexadecimal.
    • Computers and programs support easy Conversion between the Number Systems.

    Digital

    • Digital displays (read outs) are common.
    • There are converters from digital to analog (and vice versa).
    • Digital displays (read outs) are common.
  • Pu Zaw Pwe

    Pu Zaw Pwe

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Feb 2026

    SPZP-2016

    SPZP 1
    SPZP 2
    SPZP 3
    SPZP 4

    SPZP-2000

    Newsletter

    Newsletter

    Kyauk Si Bagyee

    Bagyee

    Organizers

    Organizers

    Sayas & Sayama

    Sayas

    EE Sayas & Alumni

    EE Group

    PZP

    Pu Zaw Pwe is a Noble Tradition that is practiced in Burma.

    Thet Kyee PZP is for paying respect to the Elders. The age requirements vary.

    Saya PZP is for paying respect to the sayas and sayamas. Some use the term Acariya PZP.

    Thet Kyee PZP

    In some places, a Senior Day is held. Transportation, Food, Entertainment and Photo-shoot are provided for Old people of all races and creeds.

    Thet Kyee PZP may be held in conjunction with a Festival, e.g Thingyan or Thadinkyut. Buddhists may also pay respect physically to the Elders.

    MES organized Thet Kyee PZP for Senior Engineers and Architects.

    The All-Mechanical Gathering also had a program to pay respect to Thet Kyee Mechanical Engineers.

    Acariya PZP

    Examples :

    Combined 1st BE Intake of 64 and 65

    M72 (and some other Disciplines)

    ICST/UCSY

    Saya PZP

    RIT Alumni International hosted the First RIT Grand Reunion and SPZP in San Francisco, California in October 2000. The term SPZP was chosen over Saya Ga Dawt Pwe so that Alumni of different Faith can pay back the Metta and Cetana of their mentors. I am honored to be a Core Organizer of SPZP-2000. I wrote the poem “SAYA PU ZAW PWE”. It was published in the RIT website and the Commemorative Issue of the RIT Alumni Newsletter for SPZP-2000.

    Singapore hosted SPZP-2002, SPZP-2007 and SPZP-2010. Saya U Moe Aung (Tekkatho Moe War) and team published Commemorative Issue of Swel Daw Yeik Sar Saung for the SPZPs. My poem was reprinted on the Back Cover of SDYSS-2002. I wrote a poem “SWE DAW YEIK” for SDYSS-2007. I wrote an article “EE Sayas : A Sad and Short Clip” for SDYSS-2010.

    Yangon hosted SPZP-2004, SPZP-2012 and SPZP-2016. Commemorative Issue of Swel Daw Yeik Magazine was published for SPZP-2012 and SPZP-2016. U Saw Lin (GBNF) was Chief Editor of SDYM-2012. Saya U Moe Aung was Chief Editor of SPZP-2016. Several Distinguished Authors (e.g Ma Sandar, Maung Sein Win — Padeegone, N Jar Thaing, Aw Pi Kye) also served as Editors.

    Due to the pandemic, SPZP-2020 was canceled.

    Some of the Organizers and Volunteers of the SPZPs are GBNF. They include Saya Allen Htay, Ko Saw Lin, Ko Aung Moung, Ko Than Sin Myint and Ko Robin.

    Several Sayas are GBNF. They include U Ba Toke, H Num Kok, U Soe Khaw, U Khin Aung Kyi, U Thit, Dr. Mg Mg Win, S Arya, S Kyaw Aye, U Soe Lwin.

    Sayas U Ba Than, U Aung Khin, Dr. Aung Gyi and U Min Win are 90+ years young. Many of our sayas are 80+ years young.

    We hope to see SPZPs in the not so distant future (after the Calamities have ended).

  • Prize And Award (Talk)

    Prize And Award (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 16, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Nobel Prize

    • Physics
    • Chemistry
    • Medicine
    • Literature
    • Peace

    Awards (considered equivalent to Nobel Prize)

    • “Nobel Prize in” Economics
    • ACM Turing Award (in Computing)
    • Field Medal (in Mathematics)

    Prizes at School

    • Highest score in a test or examination
    • Prize for reciting poems (e.g. Mingalar Kabyar)
    • Prize for good handwriting
    • Prize for good behavior
    • Prize for sports events
    • Collegiate Scholarship (for top students in Matriculation examination)

    Rangoon University Boat Club (RUBC)

    • In the early days, RUBC awarded cups to the winning teams.
    • The President of the Union of Burma donated the “President’s Challenge Cup for Inter-Club Eights.”
      In the inaugural competition, RUBC beat the combined team of Calcutta Lake Club and Calcutta University Rowing Club.
    • The Prime Minister of the Union of Burma donated the “Prime Minister’s Challenge Cup for Inter-Club Fours.”
    • The Challenge Cups are listed in the commemorative issue for the 90th Anniversary for the founding of RUBC.
    • Sir Arthur Eggar donated a Pewter Cup for the Senior Novices.
      The Senior Novice Winners receive a brooch.
    • Gold, silver and bronze medals were awarded in the latter days.
      For obvious reasons, the medals are plated.
      P. Orr Tun Yin was a primary supplier of the cups and medals.
      U Hla Din and sons became the secondary source.

    Soccer

    • For World Cup, there was Jules Rimet Trophy.
    • For soccer in Burma, there was “Dunlop Shield (Daing)”

    Number of Medals

    • In some competitions, the two losing semi-finalists are awarded Joint Third prize.
      So, the number of bronze medals can be higher than the number of gold medals.
    • Due to the introduction of tie-breakers in most sports, we rarely have joint champions.
      In a few instances (e.g. the clock cannot discriminate the two winners), two gold medals were awarded to the joint champions.

    Miscellaneous

    • Fellowship
    • Lifetime Achievement Awards
    • National Awards
    • Literary Awards
  • English Study 2 (Talk)

    English Study 2 (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 23, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Courses and/or Tests

    • Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
    • English as a Second Language (ESL)
    • English as a Specialty Language (ESL)

    My English Teachers

    • I.Sc.(A)
      Daw Khin Kyi Kyi
      Daw Tinsa Maw Naing
    • RIT
      Saya Des Rodgers
      Saya U Khin
      Saya U Win Mra

    Some Reference Books

    • Idioms
    • Proverbs
    • How to improve your diction
    • Rhyming Dictionary
  • Three (Talk)

    Three (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 15, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Numerals

    • Hindu-Arablic numeral : 3
    • Roman numeral : III

    Triple Gems

    • Buddha (the Enlightened One)
    • Dhamma (His Teachings)
    • Sangha (Monastic Order)

    Tipitaka (Three Baskets)

    • Vinaya (Monastic Rules of Conduct)
    • Sutta (Discourses)
    • Abhidhamma (Ultimate Reality)

    Trinity

    • Father
    • Son
    • Holy Spirit

    Most well-known Hindu Gods

    • Brahma, the Creator
    • Vishnu, the Preserver
    • Shiva, the Destroyer

    Early NASA Projects

    • Mercury : carried only one astronaut
    • Gemini : carried two astronauts
    • Apollo : carried three astronauts

    Apollo Crew

    • Mission Commander (e.g. Neil Armstrong for Apollo11)
    • Command Module Pilot (e.g. Michael Collins for Apollo11)
    • Lunar Module Pilot (e.g. Buzz Aldrin for Apollo11)

    Apollo Modules

    • Service Module
    • Command Module
    • Lunar Module

    Musical Envelope

    • Rise (or attack)
    • Sustain
    • Fall (or decay)

    Prime constituents of an atom

    • Electron
    • Proton
    • Neutron

    Persuasion Techniques

    • Ethos
    • Pathos
    • Logos

    Typical Toastmasters Meeting

    • Prepared Speeches
    • Table Topics (Impromptu Speeches)
    • Evaluation

    Three-valued Logic

    • Yes
    • No
    • Do not care

    Essay (and most writings)

    • Introduction (or Beginning)
    • Body
    • Conclusion (or Ending)

    Medals

    • Gold (for first prize)
    • Silver (for second prize)
    • Bronze (for third prize)

    Measurement of Time

    • Hour
    • Minute
    • Second

    Angular Measure

    • Degree
    • Minute
    • Second

    Academic Degrees

    • Bachelor
    • Master
    • Doctorate

    Some School Types

    • Primary School
    • Middle School
    • High School
  • Audio Book (Talk)

    Audio Book (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 27, 2021

    Books

    • Regular Print
    • Large Print
    • Braille
    • e-Book
    • Audio Book
    • Special hardware and software to “scan and read” books

    Audio Books

    • Some may be available from Public Libraries
      Early : CDs
    • Some may require “Subscription”
      For downloading
    • Some may be offered at Discount in a Bundle
      Podcasts
      Book summaries
      Books
      e.g. Premium Subscription to Blinkist

    Listeners’ Heaven

    https://www.facebook.com/listenersheaven

    • Established in November 2020
    • Facebook Group
    • Provides “Subscription”
    • Offerings
      Win Pe
      Minthuwun
      Zat Kyee Hse Bwe
      Selected Novels
      Overview of selected “hot” topics
  • Myanmar Study 2 (Talk)

    Myanmar Study 2 (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 26, 2021

    U Hla Min
    • Some Early Authors and Poets
      Minby Sayadaw U Awbatha
      Kyee The Lay Htutt Sayadaw
      Ananda Thuriya
      Shin Maha Rathta Thara
      Shin Maha Thilawuntha
      Pho Thudaw U Min and Lu U Min
      U Kyin Oo
      U Pone Nya
      …
    • Burmese Language Commission
      Bogyi (later Bohmu Ba Thaung)
      Thesis on Early Sarsodaws
      Retired Colonel U San Lwin
      Compiler, Lexicographer
    • Khit San
      Khit San Sar Pay co-founders : students of U Pe Maung Tin
      ICS U Sein Tin (Theikpan Maung Wa)
      U Thein Han (Zawgyi)
      U Wun (Minthuwun)
      Khit San Kabyar
      Published by Saya U Pe Maung Tin and students
    • Sagar
      Sagar Lein Mar Aung Myint Yar (Speaking)

      Sar Pay Beik Man
      Sagar Pone (Proverbs)
      Early : Series by High School Sayamagyi
      Burmese Proverbs (by Saya Dr. Hla Phay, Professor, SOAS)
      Later : Book (by Myanmar Sar Ah Phwe)
      Sagar Pariye
      Collection by Dr. Nyunt Wai (SPHS63)
    • Jataka Tales
      Tay Za Thu Nay Ma Bu San Nar Wi Way (Zat Tasw Gyi)
      Some are available as Audio Books from
      https; //www.facebook.com/listenersheaven
      (Ko Myint Htwe and Team)
    • Media
      Radio Programs (Plays …)
      Newspapers (Columnists …)
      Magazines (Poems, Short stories, Novels …)
      Later : TV Broadcasts, Internet

  • Myanmar Study 1 (Talk)

    Myanmar Study 1 (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 25, 2021

    U Hla Min
    • Infant (C), (B) and (A) in PPBRS
      Known as LKG, MKG and HKG in other schools
      Basics of Myanmar Language (Reading, Writing, Recitation)
    • Primary School
      Daung Phutt Sar (Peacock Reader)
    • Middle School
      Myanmar Thadda (Grammar by Saya U Pe Maung Tin)
      Selected Prose
      Selected Kabyar
    • High School
      Prescribed Texts (Prose, Kabyar, Pya Zat, Spelling …)
      Essays
    • Formal and Informal Learning
      Prize : Translation of Aesop’s Fables (by Min Yu Way and Ngwe Tar Yi)
      Texts and References of older brother and sisters (Zi Nat Hta Pa Ka Tha Ni, Lu Du Aung Than, Pyidaung Su Pan Daing, Pyi Daw Tha Kha Yee, Kabyar Pan Kone …)
      Fiction and Non-fiction
      Magazines
      Cartoons, Comics
      Protective Verses
      Myanmar Swel Sone Kyan
  • Bawga Bala (Talk)

    Bawga Bala (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 2021

    U Hla Min

    Business Acumen / Strength
    Managing Income / Investments and Expenditure / Charity …

    • Formal Learning / Training
      Economics (Theory and Practice)
      E-business / E-commerce
      Marketing (e.g. Telemarketing)
      Sales (e.g. Brick and Mortar, Online)
    • Informal Learning
      Internship
      Assist Family Business
    • Work for a company / organization
      Start up
      Small
      Medium
      Large
      Corporate
      National
      International
    • Self-employed
    • Run a company / business
      Consultancy
      LLC (Limited Liability Corporation)
      Non-profit (For-purpose)
      For-profit
    • Standards / Recommendations
      e.g. ISO
    • Legal aspects
      Intellectual Property
      Rules and Regulations (Local, State, National, International)
      Acquisitions, Mergers, Spin-offs
  • Caritta Bala (Talk)

    Caritta Bala (Talk)

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 21, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Moral Strength / Courage

    Practice of Sila (Morality)

    • Refrain from doing unwholesome deeds
    • Perform wholesome deeds

    Primary school days

    • Received Thermos Flask for reciting “Mingalar Kabyar” by Dago U Tun Myint
    • Recite Mingalar “8-syllable verses” at home on Saturday nights

    Middle school days

    • Studied “Sanakya Niti” and “Pyithu Niti” at school
    • Recite “Mangala Sutta” (Mingalar Thoke in Pali) at home and at monastery

    High school days

    • Studied “Morals and Manners” at school

    Later days

    • Ethics courses
    • Contributing Editor for “Dhammananda Newsletter” and TBSA web site
    • Editor for books by selected Sayadaws
    • Interpreter at Meditation Retreats