Category: Concept

  • Notes 1

    Notes 1

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    Academic Year

    • An academic year usually spans two years.
      e.g. 1968 – 1969 academic year
    • To save space and time, I use the end year instead of the start year and end year
      e.g. Class of 1969 (or simply Class of 69)

    Early Days at Rangoon University

    • The Faculty of Engineering accepted students who had completed I.Sc. (two years of Intermediate of Science) with the “Pure Science” option with reasonable marks.
    • The engineering classes are named 1st year of Engineering to Final (4th year of Engineering).
    • There were no Instructors.
      There were Assistant Lecturers, Lecturers and Professors. They are “Gazetted Officers”.
    • Saya U Ba Hli, first native Dean of Engineering, proposed the Twinning Program between the Faculty of Engineering and prestigious universities in the USA.
    U Ba Hli (Right)
    • Some engineering students (e.g. Dr. Aung Gyi, U Min Wun, U Maung Maung Than, U Khin Aung Kyi, U Soe Paing) applied for States Scholarship before graduation. They joined the Faculty upon their return to Burma.
    • Some engineering students (e.g. U Sein Hlaing, U Tin Swe, U Allen Htay, Dr. San Hla Aung, U San Tun) joined the faculty upon graduation. They were selected to do post-graduate studies in the USA.
    • Saya Dr. Yan Naing Lwin (Professor Emeritus, WIU) e-mailed me a copy of the “Burmese state scholars in the USA ’54”. There were about 400 state scholars including Saya U Sein Hlaing and Saya U Tin Swe.

    Sports

    • The Halls (e.g. Prome) would aggressively seek outstanding athletes (footballers, tennis players, rowers, …).
    • U Chan Tha is Past Captain and Gold of RUBC Gold. He was Captain of the Prome Hall Soccer Team which won the Inter-Hall Trophy for two consecutive years. Saya U Tin Swe was a member of that victorious team.

    New Education System in 1964

    • The Rangoon University was reorganized into RASU (Rangoon Arts and Science University) and several Institutes (Economics, Education, Engineering, Medicine …).
    • Burma Institute of Technology (BIT) was renamed as Rangoon Institute of Technology (RIT).
      U Yone Mo, Dean of BIT, became the Rector of RIT.
    • Matriculates were admitted to the 1st BE class using the controversial ILA (Intelligence Level Aggregate).
    • Those who had passed I.Sc.(A) examination were admitted to the 2nd BE class based on the total marks.
    • Those who had passed I.Sc.(B) examination were admitted to the 3rd BE class (equivalent to the Old 1st Year Engineering class).
    • The position for Instructors was created. It meant, most sayas have to wait to become Assistant Lecturers.

    Memories

    • Ko Benny Tan (M70) lent me a copy of the “RIT Handbook” for 1966 – 67. I published the list of permanent and part-time sayas and sayamas in one of “RIT Alumni International Newsletter” updates.
    • Saya U Moe Aung (EE) has old copies of “Hlyat Sit Sar Saung” and RIT Annual magazines.
      He served as Chief Editor for both publications.
    • Saya Charlie Kaw (Tex, GBNF) brought to USA projects of his final year students.

    GBNF for UCC sayas and alumni

    • Dr. Chit Swe (Founder & Director)
    • Dr. Tin Maung (Director)
    • U Ko Ko Lay (Co-founder)
    • U Hla Min (EP70, Chief Operator)
    • U Soe Myint (M72, Operations)
    • U Maung Maung Gyi (Operations)
    • U Maung Maung Lay (Operations)
    • U Aung Myint (Systems)
    • U Mya Thein (Business Applications)
    • U Soe Thein (Business Applications)
    • U Kyaw Nyein (Scientific Applications)
    • U Win Naing (Scientific Applications)
    • U Khin Maung Aye (M73)
    • U Shein Soe Myint (EC83)
    • U Aung Aung Thein (EE 8x)
    • U Thein Tan
    • U Hla Aye (Bhaimyar)
    • U Myint Aung (Admin)
    • Daw Win May Thaung
    • Daw Kyu Kyu Lwin
    • Daw Hla Hla Win
    • Daw Khin Lay Myint (Admin)
    • Daw Khin Mya Swe
    • Daw Khin Toe Nyein
    • Daw Thida Aung
  • Notes 6

    Notes 6

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    Alphabet

    Burmese Alphabet

    • Ka, Kha, Ga …
    Burmese

    English Alphabet

    • Upper case; A to Z
    • Lower case : a to z

    Greek Alphabet

    • Alpha to Omega
    • Used in Science texts

    Pali

    • Spoken language
    • Written in various scripts including Burmese, Thai and Sinhalese.
    • PTS (Pali Text Society) uses Romanized Pali.
    Pali Dictionary

    Pyu Alphabet

    Pyu

    Bhamaso Taya

    • Metta
      Loving Kindness, Unbounded Love
    • Karuna
      Compassion
    • Mudita
      Altruistic Joy, Sympathetic Joy
    • Uppekkha
      Equanimity

    Buddhism

    Buddha

    • The Blessed One, the Worthy One, and the Fully Enlightened One
    • Nine Qualities of the Buddha

    Dhamma

    • Teachings of the Buddha
    • Tipitaka (Three Baskets) ; Vinaya, Sutta, Abhidhamma
    • Five Nikayas
    • Six Qualities of the Dhamma

    Sangha

    • Monastic Order of the Buddha
    • Nine Qualities of the Sangha

    Vinaya

    • Monastic Rules of Conduct

    Sutta

    • Discourses

    Abhidhamma

    • Ultimate Reality

    Pali Texts

    • Canon
    • Commentary
    • Sub-commentary

    Buddhist Councils

    • Six — According to the Theravada tradition
    • First, Second and Third — Oral tradition (held in India)
    • Fourth — Written texts (Compiled in Ceylon / Sri Lanka)
    • Fifth — Mandalay (to celebrate 2400th Sasana Era)
    • Sixth — Kaba Aye, Rangoon (to celebrate 2500th Sasana Era)

    Books

    • What the Buddha Taught
      by Dr. Rahula Walpole
      Translation by U Kelasa
    • In His Own Words
      by Bikkhu Bodhi
      Course / book by U Silananda

    Burmese

    • Burmese Language
      Spoken Burmese (Myanmar Sagar)
      Written Burmese (Myanmar Sar)
    • Burmese Department
      Myanmar (Burma)
      Overseas
    • Burmese Sayas
      U Pe Maung Tin,
      U E Maung,
      U Wun
      U Thein Han
      U Chan Mya
    • Khit San Sar Pa
      ICS U Sein Tin (Theikpan Maung Wa)
      U Thein Han (Zawgyi)
      U Wun (Minthuwun)
    • Burmese Language Commission
      Bohmu Ba Thaung
      U San Lwin
    • Text books
      Kindergarten
      Primary School
      Middle School
      High School
      University
    • References
      Dictionary (Abhidan)
      Encyclopedia (Swel Sone Kyan)
      Grammar (Thadda)
      Proverbs (Sagar Pone)
      Spelling (Thutt Pone)
    • Publications
      Cartoons
      Comics
      Journals
      Magazines
      Newspapers
      Novels
      Sar Saungs

    Calendar

    • Old Roman Calendar
      Ten “working” months (from March to December)
    • Later Roman Calendars
      Twelve months (from January to December)
    • Julian Calendar
    • Gregorian Calendar

    Child

    • Khalay
    • Khalay Ah Thinn (Association)
    • Child Psychology
    • Piaget

    Fun

    • Fun with Learning
      Facebook group
    • Fun with English
      Definitions
      Palindrome
      Tongue Twister
      Word Games (Crossword puzzle, Lexicon, Scrabble, Anagram, Jumbled phrase)
    • Fun with Mathematics
      Paradox
      Puzzles
    • Fun with Physics
      Online course

    Maths

    • Saya U Aung Hla
      In 1950 – 52, Saya U Aung Hla was Dean of Arts. He was also Professor of Maths. He is an expert in music, and wrote notes for selected Burmese songs. His spouse Daw May Than is a vocalist. His son U Mya Than is a Guitarist and Pianist.
    • Maths Department
      In the early days, the Maths Department was under the Faculty of Arts. Later, Maths Department was under the Faculty of Science.
    • Options (offered in different periods) at Rangoon University
      Pure Maths
      Applied Maths
      Double Maths : Pure & Applied
      Triple Maths : Pure, Applied & Statistics

    My Contributions

    • Five decades as Volunteer of various organizations and projects
    • 26 years as Founder & Chief Editor of RIT Alumni International Newsletter
      Silver Jubilee in 2024
    • Member, HMEE (History of Myanmar Engineering Education). U Ohn Khine and I compiled the CD Supplement for the HMEE Book in 2012
    • 220+ Videos (on selected topics) : Broadcast in 2019 and 2020
    • 3000+ Articles
      in my web site hlamin.com
    • Former Moderator of RU Centennial Facebook Group
      Overview of RU Centennial Group (Posts)
      Countdown to RU Centennial (Posts)
      Photo Essays and Photo Albums
    • Memories
      Memories of PPBRS (Private Primary Boundary Road School)
      Memories of SPHS (St. Paul’s High School)
      Memories of RIT (Rangoon Institute of Technology)
      Memories of UCC (Universities’ Computer Center)
    • Contributor
      Encyclopedia of Asian American Folklore and Folklife
    • Language Expert
      Burmese Language Project, NFLC, University of Maryland at College Park
    • Contributing Editor, Dhammanda Newsletter
    • Contributing Editor, “Homage to U Silananda”
    • Contributing Editor, Souvenir Magazine for RUBC 90th Anniversary
    • Contributing Editor, BAPS Newsletter
    • Bilingual Author
    • Wrote and translated Poems and Articles
    • Interpreter, Meditation Retreats
    • Edited books of Sayadaws and colleagues

    New Year

    • Gregorian Calendar
      January 1st
    • Lunar New Year
      aka “Chinese New Year” and “Tet”
      January or February
    • Persian New Year
      aka “First day of Spring”
      around March 21
    • Myanmar New Year
      aka “Thingyan”
      Mid April
      cf : Songkran in Thailand
    • Karen New Year
    • Bringing in the New Year
      Celebrations of New Year’s Eve (December 31)
      e.g. Dropping the ball at Times Square in New York

    Olympics

    • Ancient Games
      Mount Olympus, Greece
    • Modern Olympic Games
      proposed by Pierre de Coubertin
      Early period : amateurs only
      Later : commercialized (sponsors, hosts, professional athletes …)
    • Summer Olympics
      Breaks during the World War
      Postponed during the Pandemic
    • 1936 Berlin
    • 1948 London
    • 1952 Helsinki
    • 1956 Melbourne
    • 1960 Rome
    • 1964 Tokyo
    • 1968 Montreal
    • 1972 Munich
    • 1976 Montreal
    • 1980 Moscow
    • 1984 Los Angeles
    • 1988 Seoul
    • 1992 Barcelona
    • 1996 Atlanta
    • 2000 Sydney
    • 2004 Athens
    • 2008 Beijing
    • 2012 London
    • 2016 Rio de Janerio
    • 2020 Scheduled for Tokyo
      Postponed to 2021 due to pandemic
    • 2024 Paris
    • Winter Olympics

    Sleep

    • Conventional
      8 hours (for adults)
      more (for infants)
    • Could/ should vary with person
      e.g. my uncle slept 4 hours, but he had power naps in the day
    • Rationale for sleep
      Rest
      “Clean up garbage” in the brain
      Activities by the Subconscious (e.g. problem solving)
    • Sleep studies
      Dream
      Sleep Apnea (Breathing difficulties)
      Monitor brain (for a specified period)
      Effect of duration (too little, too much)
      Effect of rhythm (specified time to go to sleep)
    • Miscellaneous
      Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise
      The story of Pauk Kyaing

    Thet Kyee Sayas and Alumni

    • Sayagyi U Ba Toke
      Phwa Bet Taw of Rangoon University in December 1920
      Book about his life and achievements by Dr. Khin Maung Swe (Maung Thin Char, GBNF)
      Saya of our sayas
      Passed away on December 2, 2020 (the day after the RU Centennial Celebrations) but a few days short of his Centennial on December 26.
    U Ba Toke
    • U Thein Han (96 years)
      Worked as Systems Engineer for IBM Burma
      Active doing exercises and sharing memories / posts
    U Thein Han
    • U Tin U (96 years)
      Joined Rangoon University in 1946 along with Dr. Pe Nyun, Dr. Pe Thein and U Sein Hlaing.
      Former part time Lecturer at Civil Engineering Department;
      Oldest and Most senior among Past Captains of Rangoon University Boat Club that are still alive;
      Opened the RUBC Centennial Ceremony in December 2023,
      Past Captain of Rangoon Golf Club;
      Lost his beloved spouse Dr. Daw Khin Nyunt, his eldest son Dr. Khin Tun (Peter, MRCP, Former Associate Dean of Oxford University) and his son-in-law U Tin Tun within a few months (late 2019 to May 2020)
    U Tin U
    • U Ba Than (94 years)
      Won Collegiate Scholarship in 1947;
      Gold Medalist for highest score in Intermediate Examinations for 1948 and 1949;
      Retired as Professor and Head of Mechanical Engineering;
      Early supporter of HMEE-2012 (History of Myanmar Engineering Education)
      Now GBNF
    U Ba Than
    • Other Thet Kyees
      Several of my sayas, sayamas, relatives and friends are 90+ years young.

    Time

    • Clock / Watch
      Mechanical, Electro-mechanical, Electrical, Atomic
    • Calendar
      Various types
    • Time and Motion Study
      Kenneth and Lillian Gilbraith
    • Time Management
    • Five minute biographies
    • One minute manager
    • Early responder
      within 4 or 5 minutes
    • Gettysburg Address
      less than 2 minutes
    • TED Talk
      less than 18 minutes
    • Toastmaster Speech
      typically 5 to 7 minutes
    • Sports
      Timing
      Records

    To Err Is Human

    • “To err is human, but to make blunders use a computer indiscriminately.”
    • Some software “auto-corrects” words incorrectly.
    • In our younger days, there was a good Scrabble player named James Thet Wai (Proof Reader for the Guardian newspaper).
    • Burmese publications have language experts (Burmese, English, Pali).
    • Before the Internet, the production of a good book requires the expertise of editors and reviewers. Even then, some typos and discrepancies can appear.
      e.g A reference book described Rajiv Gandhi as the “younger” son of Indira Gandhi.
    • Note that articles on the Internet / Social Media — with lax reviews — can have typos and errors.
      An entry on Dr. Ba Than lists Dr. Aung Than as his son.
      Another article claimed that Prof. U E Maung was “Bagyi Aung”.
      One author did not know the time line / order of Arzani Nay and the assassination of ICS U Tin Tut.
    • It is important to check facts (especially historical dates & events) and provide correction.

    YMBA

    • Young Men’s Buddhist Association
    • Illustrated History of Buddhism
      Mahagandayone Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa (Author);
      Saya U Ba Kyi (Artist)
      First edition : Myanmar text
      Supplement : English text
      Reprint: Theravada Buddhist Society of America

    YMCA

    • Young Men’s Christian Association
    • N. Smith — Invented Basketball
    • Dale Carnegie — How to win friends and influence people; How to stop worrying and start living;
      How to improve your diction
    • Dr. Ralph Smedley — Public Speaking and Leadership; Precursor to Toastmasters International

    Zero

    Numerals

    • Hindu-Arabic numeral : 0
    • No such Roman numeral

    Miscellaneous

    • The Dawn of Nothing
    • Positional number system
    • 0-based numbering
    • Nil; Null; Nothing
    • Often used to represent “False” in two-valued logic.
    • Absolute Zero (temperature)
    • Ground Zero
    • Zero in

    Zoom

    Lens

    • Photographers and Videographers often use Zoom lens for special effect.
    • The more we grow older the more we have to avoid “zoom camera” to our face.

    Zoom In and Zoom Out

    • We zoom in when we want to see things in detail.
    • We zoom out when we need to see things in the bigger picture.

    Teleconferencing

    • Zoom is a system for teleconferencing.
    • Usage grew dramatically during the pandemic
    • Free version; Deluxe version
  • Notes 7

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    Top Paulian Matriculates

    Top Matriculates

    Peter Wun

    Peter

    SPHS63

    Top Matriculates
    SPHS63
    Maung Maung Kyi 1
    Maung Maung Kyi 2
    With Dr. Myint Soe / Benjamin

    IM (2) Students

    Victor Nyunt, Thein Wai, Aung Thwin

    Half Moon Bay

    With U Chan Min & Dr. Lyn Swe Aye
    With U Osadha & Dr. Lyn Swe Aye
    DTM
  • Notes 8

    Notes 8

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    February

    • According to “Ripley’s Believe it or not”, a graveyard inscription had February 30th.
    • Julius Caesar’s followers took a day from February to make July (named in his honor) have 31 days instead of 30.
    • Augustus Caesar’s followers took a day from February to make August (named in his honor) to have 31 days instead of 30.
    • February became the shortest month of the calendar year with 28 days. It was given back an extra day on a leap year.
    • The earth takes about 365.2422 days to revolve round the sun, so the discrepancy between a solar year and the calendar year became 0.9688 day every four years (or 97 days in 4 centuries). The first correction was to designate a year divisible by 4 as a Leap Year.
    • In Gregorian calendar, a leap year is defined as a non-century year that is divisible by 4, and a century year that is divisible by 400. This is more accurate than the first correction.

    Grandma

    My mother-in-law & my sons

    Latin terms for student

    • Alumnus : male student
    • Almuna : female student
    • Alumni : male students
    • Alumnae : female students
    • In modern usage, “alumni” applies to all students.
    • We sometimes use alum as a short form for alumni.

    Synonym

    • Synonyms are words which have almost the same meaning for the given context.
    • Since some words have multiple meanings, one must specify the meaning associated with a synonym.
    • For example, Dictionary, Thesaurus, Lexicon and Vocabulary are synonyms.
      Their usage depends on the context. In general, Lexicon is a body of knowledge (or dictionary) of Latin and Greek.
      At one time, Lexicon is a card game where players create words and score points. It was superseded by Scrabble.

    Antonym

    • Antonyms are words which have almost the opposite meaning for the given context.
    • Since some words have multiple meanings, one must specify the meaning associated with an antonym.
    • For example, Love and Hate are antonyms.
    • In Pali, the antonyms of Lobha (Greed), Dosa (Anger or Hatred) and Moha (Ignorance of Delusion) are Alobha (Non-greed), Adosa (Non-hatred) and Amoha (Non-ignorance or Wisdom).

    Homonym

    • Homonyms are words which sound the same.
    • Examples
      rain, rein, reign
      air, heir
      throne, thrown
    • A puzzle based on homonyms :
      “What is the difference between the Prince of Wales and a cricket ball?” The Prince of Wales is HEIR to the THRONE. A cricket ball is THROWN to the AIR.
  • Smart / SMART

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    • Smart is an adjective.
    • Smarter and Smartest are the comparative and superlative forms.

    Conventional and Unconventional Wisdom

    • Thomas Edison said, “Success is due to 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration”.
    • Newer thinking : “Work smarter. Not harder.”

    General

    ဝတ်စား နေထိုင် လုပ်ကိုင် ဆောင်ရွက် ရာတွင် သေသပ် / သေချာ လျှင် Smart စမတ်ကျသည် ဟုဖေါ်ပြတတ်ပါသည်။

    SMART Goals

    SMART is an acronym for setting Objectives.

    • S : Specific တိကျ
    • M : Measurable တိုင်းနိုင်
    • A : Achievable / Achievable ပြီးမြောက်နိုင် / ရနိုင်
    • R : Realistic / Relevant အမှန်မြင် / အသုံးတဲ့
    • T : Time-bounded / Timely အချိန်ကန့်သတ် / အချိန်မီ

    SMARTER (which extends SMART) is a lesser used acronym.

    Smart Card and Devices

    • I worked for a Defense Contractor.
      My assignment was at DMDC (Defense Manpower Data Center).
      Every employee and contractor was issued a Smart Card, which has a processor and memory to hold Biometrics (e.g. fingerprint), Photo ID, and Cryptographic Keys.
      One has to use a Smart Card to (a) enter specified areas of the building (b) logging on to a computer system.
      Smart cards were not cheap at that time, and there were limitations in the resources (e.g. memory on the card)
    • Smart devices (e.g. smart phones) are ubiquitous.
    • Smart cars (e.g. driver-less) are available.
    • Smart Car / Autonomous vehicles
    • Smart Monitors

    SMART Group of Companies

    • Founded by KK (Kyaw Kyaw Hlaing) about 25 years ago
    • Started with Technical Services
    • Currently 7 companies in the group

    SMART Sar Pay / Publishing

    • published several award winning books
    • latest : reprint of Maung Aung Mon (U Win Aung Gyi)’s collection of short stories from the 1950s : to celebrate RU Centennial

    SMART Media

    • Talk shows
    • Interviews
    • Documentary
    • Sponsor for 5th ILF (Irrawaddy Literary Festival) in November 2019
    • Diamond Sponsor for PSA 2020 Tour to six (or so) cities in Upper Myanmar in January 2020

    U Aung Myaing added:

    Work smarter. Not harder. ဆိုတာနဲ့ပတ်သက်ပြီး ကျနော့်အမြင်ကို လက်တွေ့ ဥပမာနဲ့ ပြောချင်ပါတယ်။

    လုပ်ဖေါ်ကိုင်ဘက် ၂ ယောက်။
    တစ်ယောက်က တချိန်လုံး အလုပ်ရှုပ်နေတယ်။ သူ့ KPI ( Key Performance indicators) ထဲမှာ ပါတဲ့ အလုပ်တွေကို အဓိကပြီးမြောက်အောင်မလုပ်ဘဲ ကိုယ်စိတ်ဝင်စားရင်ဖိလုပ် မဝင်စားရင် တော်ရုံတန်ရုံလုပ်။ နှစ်ကုန်လို့ KPI ကို assess လုပ်တဲ့အခါကျတော့ ပြီးတာပြီး လိုတာလိုနဲ့ score ကောင်းကောင်းမရဘူး။

    ကျန်တစ်ယောက်ကတော့ KPI ကို အကျအနပြင်တယ်။ အပေါ်က approval ရပြီဆိုတော့ အဲဒီ KPI ထဲက အလုပ်တွေကို ပီပီပြင်ပြင်လုပ်တယ်။ both hard and smart, but not as hard as the first one.
    နှစ်ကုန်တော့ scores ကောင်းကောင်းရတယ်။

    သူတို့နှစ်ယောက်က
    hard က မတိမ်းမယိမ်းဘဲ။
    Smart ကတော်တော်ကွာသွားတယ်။

  • Kidney

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    Redundacy

    • There are two kidneys, but some people can live with one kidney.

    U Khin Maung Maung

    • U Aung Zaw Maung (Pet78, ex-UCC) mentioned that his father lived for 40 years with one good kidney.

    Daw Kyawt

    U Aung Zaw & Daw Kyawt
    • Daw Tint Tint Wai (Daw Kyawt) donated a kidney to her spouse U Aung Zaw. She is doing fine. After a decade, U Aung Zaw passed away. The kidney that she donated was still doing fine.

    Dialysis

    U Tin Hlaing

    U Tin Hlaing

    Saya U Tin Hlaing (M59, GBNF) was Head of the Agricultural Engineering (sub-department of Mechanical Engineering). Had kidney problem, but he did not have access to the two dialysis machines that were for VIP in Burma. Applied for passport and visa to have medical treatment abroad, but he did not receive them in time.

    Cases

    Based on the severity, the frequency and number of dialysis sessions.

    Most patients have to visit a hospital or clinic.

    A few had to perform dialysis at home.

    Transplant

    U Aung Zaw

    U Aung Zaw (2nd from Right)

    Saya U Aung Zaw (ex-UCC) is indebted to his spouse Daw Kyawt, who donated her kidney. The love story can be read in Saya Zaw’s first book “Dhamma and Bawa ဓမ္မနဲ့ ဘဝ”. I wrote the Foreword.

    Dhamma & Bawa

    He published a second book “Cetana Thi Thar Kan စေတနာ သည်သာ ကံ” which has a section written by me based on his ideas.

    Cetana Thi Thar Kan

    Henry Lim

    RIT Alumni Newsletter

    U Aung Myint (Henry Lim) served as Chief Editor of the BAPS Newsletter and an Associate Editor of the commemorative issue of “RIT Alumni International Newsletter” for SPZP-2000. He founded the “Golden Padauk” and “Durian” magazines in the San Francisco Bay Area, but at his doctors’ advice, he stopped publishing the magazines to preserve his health. Luckily, he found a match for his kidney transplant. He had a renewed life full of oversea travels.

    Aung Khin

    Aung Khin (Last Row 5th from Left)

    U Aung Khin (SPHS 63, GBNF) is the second son of Dr. Ko Gyi (MS of EENT hospital). He had two kidney transplants and succumbed while he was trying to have a third transplant.

    Related Posts

    • Advice from Sayas & Friends
    • Medical Reports by Dr. Khin Maung U
    • Medical Advice by Dr. Kyaw Nyunt (Robert)
  • World Records

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    Believe it or not

    Ripley’s “Believe it or not” named U Khanti Kyauksar (inscriptions) of the Fifth Buddhist Council (Synod) held in Mandalay as the “Largest Book” in the world.

    Guinness Book of World Records

    Mingun Sayadaw

    The Guinness Book of World Records listed Tipitakadara Sayadaw Ashin Vicittathara as having a phenomenal — the best at that time in 1954.

    In the First Buddhist Council, Ashin Upali served as the Reciter of Vinaya (Rules of monastic conduct). Ashin Ananda served as the Reciter of Sutta (Buddha’s Discourses) and Abhidhamma (Ultimate Reality).

    In the Sixth Buddhist Council held at KabaAye (World Peace) Pagoda in Rangoon, Burma from 1954 – 1956 Ashin Vicittathara served as the Reciter of Vinaya, Sutta and Abhidhamma. He also recited the selected Commentaries.

    Sayadaw could memorize, recall, and give exposition on 8000+ pages of the Buddhist Scriptures known as Tipitaka [“Three Baskets”] : Vinaya, Sutta and Abhidhamma at the second to fifth Tipitakadara examinations. He passed with distinction in both oral and written parts.

    Sayadaw served as an examiner for the first Tipikadara examination. Sir U Thwin requested him to take the examination. The rest is history.

  • Harmony

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    In our younger days

    Our grand parents & parents had workers who were non-Buddhists. They gave us sweets (for Diwali), dan bauk (for Id) and presents (for Christmas).

    During our younger days, we had classmates who professed different religions. We lived in perfect harmony.

    Christians

    Saya U Pe Maung Tin

    U Pe Maung Tin
    • He was a Christian, but he helped with the translation of Buddhist texts.
    • Translated the two sermons (Dhammacakka and Anatta Lekkhana Sutta) into English at the request of U Tha Win (who published the two sermons in Pali, Burmese and English).

    Teacher Kywe (PPBRS)

    • Karen Christian teacher who transformed me into a “life long learner”
    • My mother asked me to pay respect to her every year.

    Rev. Bernard Taylor

    SPHS Classmates
    • SPHS classmate
    • Missionary to the Philippines
    • After retirement, came back to Myanmar

    Rev. Edwin David

    • SPHS classmate
    • GBNF
    • Priest of St. Mary’s Cathedral

    Steeve Kay (EC70)

    HM, Steeve & Benny
    • Multiple Golden Sponsor of SPZPs
    • Donated $200000+ to RIT-related activities
    • GBNF

    Benny Tan

    • Multiple Golden Sponsor of SPZPs
    • Co-chair, SPZP-2000

    SPZP

    • Several RIT alumni are Christians, who embrace SPZPs.
    • The term Saya Pu Zaw Pwe was chosen over Saya Ga Daw Pwe (which had religious connotation) so that all students can pay back the metta and cetana of their mentors.

    Sikhs

    D. S. Saluja

    D S Saluja
    • Classmate at SPHS, I.Sc(A) & 2nd BE
    • Left RIT to form “Rama Enterprise” in Bangkok with his elder brother
    • Had a mini-reunion twice : the last time in April 2024

    A. S. Soni

    • SPHS classmate

    RIT alumni

    • Surinder Singh (EE69er) — Australia
    • Uttam Singh (M71) — NASA
    • Meenu Singh (ChE72) — CS Prof
    • Jagjit Singh (EE73) — UIUC

    Muslims

    Arzani U Razak

    Arzani
    • Early Graduate of National College
    • Principal of National School in Mandalay
    • Was nominated by several Sayadaws to be Education Minister in Bogyoke Aung San’s Cabinet
    • Sons : U Tin Myint (RUBC, MOC), U Hla Kyi (helped solve the foundation problem at Shwe Dagon)

    U Raschid

    • Student Leader for RUSU and Ba Ka Tha
    • Minister

    U Khin Maung Latt

    • Minister
    • Sons : Khin Maung Gyi (RIT English), Khin Maung Lay (Principal, ILO Training School)

    U Pe Khin

    • Diplomat
    • Negotiator at Pin Lon Conference

    Bohmu Ba Shin

    • Burma Historical Commission

    Paulians

    • Edward Hla Shwe I and II

    RIT Alumni

    • Saya Allen Htay (C58) : President of RIT Alumni International; SPZP-2000 Organizer
    SPZP-2000
    • U Khin Maung Lay (T68) : Past President of BASES; Organizer & emcee for 2015 RIT Alumni Reunion in Los Angeles
    • U Thein Ngwe (Ko Thein Tokyo, ChE76) : Co-founder of RITAJsent
    • RIT Muslim students in 1971
    This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is ritm-tn.jpg
    RIT 1971

    Men on the Moon

    Poem

    For the last stanza of my poem “Men on the Moon”, I wrote

    “Are we not brothers here on earth?
    So let us all unite.
    There will be heaven here on earth
    If we all cease to fight”.

    Updates

    • Several conflicts in the world due to extremists
    • Discrimination in some places
  • SPHS Archives

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2026

    High School Sayas
    SPHS54
    VII D 1959 – 60
    U Kyaw Sein
    U San Thein
    U Aye

    Salim Dawoodjee

    • Currently lives in Canada
    • His brother (also Paulian) has passed away
    1957 Std V GCE

    Bertram Si Oo

    • He attended De La Salle Twante and St. Paul’s High School.
    • He was Physical Training Instructor and Assistant Soccer Coach.
    • He later completed Dip Ed and became a Class / Subject teacher.
    • Before his death, he gave his manuscripts and photos to his son Ronald.
    • A few of his children have psssed away.
    • His spouse Rosie Samuel is alive and well. She will be 97 years old.
    BSO 1
    BSO 2
    BSO 3
    BSO 4
    BSO 5
    BSO 6
    BSO 7
    BSO 8
    BSO 9
    BSO 10
    BSO 11
    BSO 12
    BSO 13
    BSO 14
    BSO 15
    BSO 16
    BSO 17

    BSO 18
    BSO 19
    BSO 20
  • Terms used in my posts

    by Hla Min

    Update : May 2026

    A

    • A : Architecture
    • AAA : Access, Authorization, Accounting
    • ABM : American Baptist Mission
    • AC : Alternating Current
    • ACB : Advanced Communicator Bronze
    • ACG : Advanced Communication Gold
    • ACS : Advanced Communicator Silver
    • ACM : Association of Computing Machinery
    • AD : Anno Domino (In the year of our Lord); CE : Common Era
    • ADC : Analog to Digital Converter
    • AFPFL : Anti Fascist Peoples’ Freedom League (ဖဆပလ)
    • AFAIK : As Far As I Know
    • Ag : Agricultural Engineering (sub-department of Mechanical Engineering)
    • AG : Attorney General; Auditor General
    • AGI : Artificial General Intelligence
    • AGM : Annual General Meeting
    • AI : Artificial Intelligence
    • ALB : Advanced Leader Bronze
    • ALS : Advanced Leader Silver
    • AQ : Adversary Quotient
    • ARAE : Amateur Rowing Association of the East
    ARAE Regatta
    • ASAP : As Soon As Possible
    • Auto : Automobile Enginering (sub-department of Mechanical Engineering)

    B

    • BA : Bachelor of Arts
    • BAPS : Burmese American Professional Society
    • BARB : Burma Astro Research Bureau (later MARB)
    • BASES : Burmese American Society of Engineers & Scientists
    • BBS : Burma Broadcasting Service (မြန်မာ့အသံ)
    • BC : Before Christ
    • BCE : Before Common Era
    • BCM : Boston Computer Museum
    • BCom : Bachelor of Commerce
    • BCS : Burma Civil Service; British Computer Society
    • BE : Bachelor Engineering; Burmese Era
    • BEA : Burmese Engineers Association
    • BEco : Bachelor of Economics
    • BERB : Burma Education Research Bureau (later MERB)
    • BFF : Best Friends Forever
    • BFHA : Bound For Higher Abode
    • BIT : Burma Institute of Technology
    • BL : Bachelor of Law
    • BMH : Base Military Hospital
    • BMRI : Burma Medical Research Institute
    • BOD : Board of Directors
    • BPI : Burma Pharmaceutical Industry; Bits Per Inch
    • BS : Bachelor of Science
    • B.Sc : Bachelor of Science
    • BSPP : Burmese Socialist Program Party
    • BTW : By The Way

    C

    • C : Civil; Celsius
    • CA : Chartered Accountant
    • CE : Common Era; Civil Engineering; Computer Engineering; Chief Engineer
    • Ch : Chemistry; Chapter; Channel
    • ChE : Chemical Engineering
    • CHM : Computer History Museum
    • CLC : Calcutta Lake Club
    • COE : Center of Excellence
    • ConBro : Convent & Brother Schools
    • CS : Computer Science
    • CT : Computer Technology
    • CURC : Calcutta University Rowing Club; Cambridge University Rowing Club

    D

    • DAC : Diploma in Automatic Computing; Digital to Analog Converter
    • DC : Direct Current
    • DCA : Directorate of Civil Aviation
    • DCS : Department of Computer Science; Dr. Chit Swe
    • DG : Director General
    • DHE : Directorate of Higher Education
    • DLS : De La Salle
    • DST : Daylight Savings Time
    • DTM : Distinguished Toastmaster

    E

    • E : Electrical; Exponent
    • EC : Electrical Communications; Executive Committee
    • Ece : Electrical Communications; Electronics Engineering
    • Eco : Economics Department; Institute of Economics
    • EE : Electrical Engineering
    • EI : Electrical Inspectorate; Emotional Intelligence
    • EP : Electrical Power
    • EPC : Electric Power Corporation

    F

    • F : Fahrenheit
    • FEARA : Far East Asia Rowing Association
    • FERD : Foreign Economics Relations Department
    • FYI : For Your Information

    G

    • G : Giga
    • GBNF : Gone But Not Forgotten
    • GJ : Golden Jubilee (Shwe YaDu)
    • GWTF : Go With The Flow
    • GWYW : Gone With The Wind

    H

    • HCF : Health Care Fund
    • HIC : Heavy Industries Corporation
    • HMEE : History of Myanmar Engineering Education
    • HSF : High School Final

    I

    • I.A : Intermediate of Arts
    • I. Com : Intermediate of Commerce
    • I.Sc : Intermediate of Science
    • ICS : Indian Civil Service; Institute of Computer Science
    • ICST : Institute of Computer Science and Technology
    • ILA : Intelligence Level Aggregate
    • IM : Institute of Medicine
    • Intake : mostly 1st BE Intake
    • IP : Intellectual Property; Internet Protocol
    • IQ : Intelligence Quotient

    J

    • J : Justice (as in CJ : Chief Justice)
    • JDK : Java Development Kit
    • JIT : Just in Time
    • Jr : Junior

    K

    • K : Kilo
    • KB : Knowledge Base; Kilo Byte
    • KIS : Keep It Simple (formerly KISS : Keep It Simple Stupid)

    L

    • LLB: Bachelor of Law
    • LLM : Master of Law

    M

    • M : Master; Mega; Mechanical
    • M/Ag : Agricultural (sub-department of Mechanical Engineering)
    • M/Auto : Automobile Engineering (sub-department of Mechanical Engineering)
    • MA : Master of Arts
    • MARB : Myanmar Astro Research Bureau (formerly BARB)
    • MASU : Mandalay Arts and Science University
    • Matric : Matriculation
    • ME : Master of Engineering
    • MEHS : Methodist English High School
    • MEHSA : MEHS Alumni
    • Met : Metallurgy; Metallurgical Engineering
    • Min : Mining Engineering
    • MIT : Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Mandalay Institute of Technology
    • MOGE : Myanmar Oil and Gas Exploration
    • MS : Master of Science
    • M.Sc : Master of Science

    N

    • N : Nano
    • N/A : Not Applicable; Not Available
    • NASA : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    • NLD : National League for Democracy
    • NorCal : Northern California
    • NorCal RITAA : Northern California RIT Alumni Association

    O

    • OMA : Old Members’ Association
    • OPA : Old Paulians’ Association

    P

    • PBRS : Private Boundary Road School
    • Pet : Petroleum Production
    • Phy : Physics
    • PPBRS : Private Primary Boundary Road School
    • PSO : Personal Staff Officer
    • PTC : Post and Telecommunications Corporation
    • PTS : Pali Text Society
    • PWD : Public Works Department
    • PZP : Pu Zaw Pwe

    Q

    • Q&A : Question and Answer
    • QE : Queen Elizabeth
    • QMC : Queen Mary College

    R

    • RASU : Rangoon Arts and Science University
    • RBC : Rangoon Boat Club
    • RC : Recreation Center; Regional College; Roman Catholic
    • RGC : Rangoon Golf Club
    • RIP : Rest In Peace
    • RIT : Rangoon Institute of Technology
    • RITAA : RIT-YIT-YTU Alumni Association
    • RU : Rangoon University
    • RUBC : Rangoon University Boat Club
    • RUESU : Rangoon University Engineering Students’ Union
    • RUSU : Rangoon University Students’ Union

    S

    • Sc : Science
    • SDY : Swel Daw Yeik
    • SDYF : Swel Daw Yeik Foundation
    • SPARK : Society for the Promotion and Advancement of Radio Knowledge
    • SPHS : Saint Paul’s High School
    • SPZP : Saya Pu Zaw Pwe

    T

    • T : Tera; Textile
    • TBA : To Be Announced
    • TBD : To Be Decided
    • TBSA : Theravada Buddhist Society of America
    • TDS : Theravada Dhamma Society
    • TM : Trade Mark; Turing Machine
    • TMC : Tathagata Meditation Center
    • TTC : Teachers’ Training College

    U

    • UBA : Union of Burma Airways
    • UBARI : Union of Burma Applied Research Institute
    • UCC : Universities’ Computer Center
    • UCSY : University of Computer Studies Yangon
    • UN : United Nations
    • UNDP : United Nations Development Program
    • Update : RIT Alumni International Newsletter Update
    • UTC : University Training Corps

    V

    • VM : Virtual Machine
    • VNW : Victor Nyunt Wai
    • VR : Virtual Reality

    W

    • WP : Word Processor; Word Processing

    X

    • XP : eXtreme Programming

    Y

    • YIT : Yangon Institute of Technology
    • YTU : Yangon Technological University
    • YUBC : Yangon Universities’ Boat Club (formerly RUBC)
    • YUFL : Yangon University of Foreign Languages (formerly IFL)

    Z

    • Z : Zillion

    Alphanumeric

    • 69er : Class of 69++