Category: Sutta

  • Buddhist Councils in Burma သံဂါယနာ

    Buddhist Councils in Burma သံဂါယနာ

    by Hla Min

    Update : 11th October 2026

    According to the Theravada Buddhist tradition, there are six Buddhist Councils. The last two were held in Burma.

    Mandalay မန္တလေး

    Ripley’s “Believe it or not” named U Khanti Kyauksar (inscriptions) of the Fifth ပဥ္စမ Buddhist Council (Synod) held in Mandalay as the “Largest Book” in the world.

    The Council was held to celebrate the 2400th Year in Sasana Era.

    King Mindon was the Sponsor.

    Kaba Aye ကမ္ဘာအေး

    U Nu & Sir U Thwin were prime movers for the Sixth ဆဌ Buddhist Council, which was held to celebrate the 2500th Year in Sasana Era.

    Mahasi Sayadaw မဟာစည်ဆရာတော် acted as the Questioner.

    Mingun Sayadaw မင်းကွန်းတရာတော် acted as the Reciter & Responder.

    Mahasi & Mingun Sayadaws

    The Guinness Book of World Records listed Tipialkadara Sayadaw Ashin Vicittathara as having an outstanding memory — the best at that time [in 1954]. Sayadaw served as the Chief Reciter (a la Ashin Upali and Ashin Ananda at the First Buddhist Council) at the Sixth Buddhist Council held at KabaAye (World Peace) Pagoda in Rangoon, Burma from 1954 – 1956.

    Sayadaw could memorize, recall, and give exposition on 8027 pages of the Buddhist Scriptures known as Tipitaka / “Three Baskets” :

    • Vinaya – ဝိနည်း Rules of monastic conduct
    • Sutta – သုတ္တန် Buddha’s discourses
    • Abhidhamma – အဘိဓမ္မာ Ultimate reality)

    He took the 2nd – 5th Tipitakadara examinations and passed with distinction in both oral and written parts. Sayadaw served as an examiner for the first Tipikadara examination. Sir U Thwin requested him to take the examination. The rest is history.

  • Dhajagga Sutta ဓဇဂ်သုတ်

    Dhajagga Sutta ဓဇဂ်သုတ်

    by Hla Min

    Updated : 10th October 2026

    Paritta

    Dhajagga ဓဇဂ္ဂ

    Dhajagga stands for Banner / “Ta Gun”

    Dhajagga Sutta ဓဇဂ်သုတ်

    • 7th Sutta in Paritta Pali (Protective Verses)
    • Exhortation from Cakka (“Thakyar Min” သိကြားမင်း) to his soldiers preparing for the battle with the Asuras အသူရာ
      “If you have fear or trepidation, try to catch the sight of my banner (if that’s possible) or that of the other Deva-Kings: Pajapati, Varuna, and Isana. For when you have caught sight of the banners, whatever fear, or trepidation there is will disappear.”
    • Buddha ဗုဒ္ဓ said,
      “Because of the Lobha လောဘ Dosa ဒေါသ and Moha မောဟ in the Deva-Kings, fear or trepidation may not disappear. So, monks, if you feel fear and trepidation in the wilderness, … or an empty building, you should recollect the following: Nine qualities of the Buddha, Six qualities of the Dhamma, Nine qualities of the Sangha

    Pali (in Burmese Script)

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    Script 1
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    Script 2
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    Script 3
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    Script 4
  • Anattalekhana Sutta အနတ္တလက္ခဏသုတ်

    Anattalekhana Sutta အနတ္တလက္ခဏသုတ်

    by Hla Min

    Updated : 6th October 2026

    Mahasi Sayadaw

    Atta အတ္တ and Anatta အနတ္တ

    Some early religions talked about reincarnation (transmigration of atta, atman, soul). In contrast, Buddhism discusses rebirth and no-soul (anatta).

    Sutta သုတ္တန်

    The Buddha delivered “Anattalakkhana Sutta” as a follow-up sermon to the “Taya Oo” to his five disciples led by Ashin Kondanna. The Sutta’s title literally means “No-self characteristic discourse”.

    Buddha taught that “each of the five khandas ခန္ဓာ (aggregates) are subject to impermanence (အနိစ္စ anicca), and suffering, unsatisfactoriness, or misery (ဒုက္ခ dukkha) and thus unfit for identification with a self”.

    The five disciples became enlightened after listening to the Sutta. They became members of the (Paramatta ပရမတ္ထ) Sangha သံဃာ, the third of the Triple Gems.

    Books

    Book

    There are many books on the Sutta including the one by Mahasi Sayadaw explaining the relevance of the Sutta to Vipassana meditation.

    There is also an English translation of the Sutta by Saya U Pe Maung Tin.

  • Ratana Sutta ရတနာ့သုတ်

    Ratana Sutta ရတနာ့သုတ်

    by Hla Min

    Update : 6th October 2026

    Ratana / Yadanar

    Ratana ရတနာ means Gem (precious jewel)

    Ratana Sutta

    • Second Sutta in “Paritta Pali”
    • Ashin Ananda အရှင်အာနန္ဒာ recited the Sutta at Vesali ဝေသာလီ
    • Assertion of truth
    • To overcome three calamities ကပ်ကြီးသုံးပါး — massive losses due to famine, diseases, and
      [destructive] weapons

    Triple Gems

    • Buddha ဗုဒ္ဓ
      The Blessed One, the Worthy One, the Enlightened One
    • Dhamma ဓမ္မ
      Teachings of the Buddha
    • Sangha သံဃာ
      Monastic Order of the Buddha; Congregation of [paramatta] monks

    Three Refuges သရဏဂုံ

    • I take refuge in the Buddha
    • I take refuge in the Dhamma
    • I take refuge in the Sangha

    Sutta သုတ္တန်

    Pali in Burmese script

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    Sutta 1
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    Sutta 2
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    Sutta 3
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    Sutta 4

    Pali Text & English Translation

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    Sutta 5
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    Sutta 5
    Paritta Pali
    Payeik Kyee
  • Vipassana Q & A

    Excerpts from
    “Introduction to Vipassana Meditation”
    by Venerable U Silananda


    Where does the practice of Vipassana come from?

    Vipassana meditation chiefly comes from the tradition of Theravada Buddhism. There are two major divisions of Buddhism in the world today – Mahayana and Theravada. Mahayana tradition developed as Buddhism spread to the Northern Asian countries of Tibet, China, Japan, etc. Theravada tradition stay in Southern Asia and spread to Sri Lanka, Burma (Myanmar), Thailand, Cambodia and Laos.

    What does Vipassana mean?

    The word Vipassana is composed of two parts — vi which means “in various ways” and passana which means “seeing”. So, Vipassana means seeing in various ways.

    What can Vipassana meditation do for me?

    The ultimate purpose of Vipassana is to eradicate mental impurities from your mind altogether. Before that stage, there are the benefits of tranquility, peace of mind and the ability to accept things as they come. Vipassana helps you to see things as they truly are, not as they appear to be. Things appear to be permanent, desirable and substantial, but actually they are not. When you practice Vipassana meditation, you will see for yourself the arising and disappearing of mental and physical phenomena. And you will have clearer comprehension of what is going on in your mind and body. You will be able to accept things as they come to you with less agitation and deal with situations in a more positive way.

    Can Vipassana be applied to daily life?

    You can have awareness of whatever you do whether you are working, walking, doing, etc. It will not be as intense as in a meditation or during a retreat, but a more general awareness. And when you apply mindfulness to problems in your life, you will be able to deal with them more effectively.

    Why should I go to a meditation retreat?

    The intensive practice of a retreat is very beneficial for developing good concentration and quieting the mind. Since concentration is essential for penetrative wisdom to arise, a meditation retreat gives you the best possible opportunity to be able to experience for yourself the true nature of reality.

  • Dhammacakkappavatttana Sutta

    The Great Discourse on the Wheel of Dhamma

    • Teacher : The Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw
    • Translator : U Ko Lay
    • Sukhi Hotu Dhamma Publication 1998

    PART I

    • Preface to the Discourse
    • The Date of the Discourse
    • Three Kinds of Introduction
    • …

    PART II

    • Sensuous gratification is base and vulgar
    • Dittadhamma Nibbana Vada
    • A low, common practice
    • …

    PART III

    • Elaboration of the Eight-fold Path
    • …

    PART IV

    • Truth of Suffering (Dukka Sacca)
    • …

    PART V

    • Samudaya Sacca
    • …

    PART VI

    • Nirodha Sacca
    • …

    PART VII

    • Sacca Nana with regard to Dukka Sacca
    • Kicca Nana with regard to Dukka Sacca
    • Kata Nana with regard to Dukka Sacca
    • …

    PART VIII

    • When the Buddha did not admit Enlightenment
    • Acknowledgement of Buddhahood
    • Concluding statement
    • …
  • Pubbhana Sutta

    Paritta
    U Silananda
    Pa Yeik Kyee

    No need to wait for lucky stars

    • 11th Sutta in “Paritta Pali“
    • For protection against bad omens, etc. and gaining happiness

    Four verses from the Scriptures
    Verse numbering per Sayadaw U Silanandabhivamsa

    • Verse 153 (of “Paritta Pali”)
      Assertion of truth about the “Accomplished One”
    • Verse 162 (of “Paritta Pali”)
      “every day can be auspicious day”
      On the day meritorious deeds are performed, the stars are auspicious, blessings are suspicious, … , the time is auspicious. Offerings made to the holy ones on such a day are well-offered.
    • Verse 163 (of “Paritta Pali”)
      three kinds of felicitous actions : bodily, verbal, mental
    • Verse 164 (of “Paritta Pali”)
      Good deeds
      Good results
      (a) Growth in the Dispensation of Buddha
      (b) have bliss
      (c) free from diseases
      (d) happy together with your relatives
    • The rest composed by compilers

    Pali (in Burmese Script)

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  • Angulima Sutta

    Angulima Sutta

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    Paritta Pali
    • Sayadaw U Silananda recorded the Protective Suttas in Pali and English.
    • The book was published for Sayadaw’s birthday by a Thai Devotee.
    Pa Yeik Kyee
    • Sayadaw U Dhammika (Thamanay Kyaw) wrote a booklet to study the Protective Verses.
    • Theik Kha stands for Training / Practice.

    Angulimala Sutta

    • 9th Sutta in “Paritta Pali”
    • Short but effective
    • Asseveration of truth by an Arahant (formerly notorious or his “garland of [human] fingers”)
    • For easy delivery of expectant mothers
    • Contents: “Oh, sister! Ever since I was reborn in this Noble Birth, I do not remember intentionally taking the life of a being. By this utterance of truth, may there be comfort to you and to the child in your womb.”

    Pali (in Burmese Script)

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  • Atanatiya Sutta

    Atanatiya Sutta

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    Paritta Pali
    • Sayadaw U Silananda recorded the Protective Suttas in Pali and English
    • The book was published for Sayadaw’s birthday by a Thai Devotee.
    Pa Yeik Kyee
    • Sayadaw U Dhammika (Thamanay Kyaw) wrote a booklet to study the Protective Verses.
    • Theik Kha stands for Training / Practice.

    Atanatiya Sutta

    • 8th Sutta in “Paritta Pali”
    • For protection against evil spirits, and gaining health and happiness

    Homage to seven Buddhas

    • Vipassi
    • Sikhi
    • Vessabhu
    • Kakausandha
    • Konagamana
    • Kassapa
    • Gautama

    Ask four Deities for protection

    • Dharatha (Lord of Gandhabhas)
    • Virulaka (Lord of Kumbhandas)
    • Virupakkha (Lord of Nagas, or divine serpents)
    • Kuvera (Lord of Yakkhas)

    Ask other Deities for protection

    • in the sky
    • on the earth
    • living in the Dispensation / Sasana

    The unabridged version from the Digha Nikhaya is chanted by some Sayadaws in their “Paritta” tapes/CDs.

    Pali (in Burmese Script)

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  • Bojjhanga Sutta

    Seven Factors of Enlightenment

    • Mindfulness
    • Investigation of dhammas
    • Effort (or energy)
    • Zest
    • Tranquility
    • Concentration
    • Equanimity

    Bojjhanga Sutta

    • 10th Sutta in “Paritta Pali”
    • Gatha (Pali Verse)
    • For protection against and getting free from sickness and disease
    • Reference the three occasions when Venerable Mogallana, Venerable Kassapa, and Lord Buddha felt sick but were cured after listening to and contemplating on the “Seven factors of Enlightenment”
    • This is one of the Suttas that is not only for chanting but also for practice

    Bojjhanga Suttas (in Pali Prose) in the Scriptures

    • Mogallana Bhojjhanga Sutta
      Recited by Lord Buddha
    • Kasapa Bojjahanga Sutta
      Recited by Lord Buddha
    • Buddha Bojjhanga Sutta
      Recited by Venerable Cunda

    Pali (in Burmese Script)

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