Tag: Talk

  • Talk — Medical Education

    Talk — Medical Education

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 31, 2021

    Dt. Thane Oke Kyaw Myint
    • LMP (Licensed Medical Practitioner)
    • MBBS (Calcutta)
    • MBBS (Rangoon) offered by the Faculty of Medicine, Rangoon University
    • “Fast track” MBBS for LMP
    • Medical Branch (of RU) in Mandalay
    • MBBS (Mandalay)
    • New Education System
      Institute of Medicine (1)
      Institute of Medicine (2)
      Mandalay Institute of Medicine
    • MD
    • Ph.D
    • Membership
      MRCP, MRCOG …
    • Fellowship
      FRCP, FRCS …
    • Physicians / Medicine
      Col Min Sein (Dean)
      Major Shwe Zan
      Dr. Maung Gale (Dean)
      Dr. Maung Maung Gyi (Rector)
      Dr. U E (Rector)
      Dr. Hla Myint (Aba)
    • Surgeons
      Dr. Ba Than (Police Surgeon, MS of war-time RGH, Rector)
      Dr. Pe Nyun (Ped)
      Dr. Htut Saing (Ped)
      Dr. Maung Maung Taik(Forensic)
      Dr. Min Lwin (Ortho)



  • Talk — Luyechun

    Talk — Luyechun

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on November 14, 2020

    Inlay Luyechun in 1965

    Introduction

    • Luyechun is an award presented by the Ministry of Education to selected “outstanding students“.
    • The initial program ran from 1964 to 1988.
    • A new program was established a few years back.
    • I was selected as RIT Luyechun in the summer of 1965.
    • I was invited as a Guest Speaker to the Ngapali Luyechun Camp in the summer of 1988.

    Summer of 1964

    • The first Luyechun camp was opened at Ngapali in the summer of 1964.
    • It was for Luyechuns for 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th standards.

    Some Luyechuns

    • Ko Win Myint (Mergui, UCC)
    • Ko Win Aung (TTC, Mech 70, RIT Swimming and Water Polo)
    • Ko Kyaw Zaw (TTC, EC72, GBNF)
    • Ma Pwint Than (Loikaw, EP71)
    • Ko Oak Soe Kha (IM1, Swimming and Water Polo)
    • Ko Aung Myint (Mdy)
    • Ko Tin Soe (Ygn, DSA, Attaché)

    Summer of 1965

    • The second Luyechun camp was opened at Inlay in the summer of 1965.
    • For the first time, Luyechuns were selected for the Universities and Institutes.

    Staff at Inlay Camp

    • U Aung Gyi (Maths, MASU)
    • Dr. Daw May May Yi (IM2)
    • Daw Po (Burmese)
    • Dr. Naing Tint San (Med Officer)
    • U Khin Aung
    • U Khin Maung Htwe
    • U Than Tun Aung Hlaing
    • Lu Nge Yay Yar / Youth Affairs

    Some Luyechuns

    • Ma Than Than Tin (Cherry Hlaing, First in Burma in 1964, IM1)
    • Ko Khin Maung U (First in Burma in 1963, IM1)
    • Ma Anita Aye Pe (IM1)
    • Ko Kyaw Sein Koe (IM1, GBNF)
    • Ko Thein Win (IM2)
    • Ko Soe Aung / Soe Min Thein (IM2)
    • Ko Tun Naung (BDS, Stereo)
    • Ko Tin Hlaing (MASU, Le Dwin Tha Saw Chit, Literary Awards)
    • Ma Khin Aye Myint (RASU)
    • Ma Mu Mu Win (RASU)
    • Ko Min Oo (Second in Burma in 1963, RASU, Mathematics Professor in Germany and Canada)
    • Ko Ye Myint (RASU)
    • Ma Khin Aye Than (RASU, GBNF)
    • Ko / Maung Aye (RASU, Diplomat)
    • Ko Mya Than (RASU)
    • Ko Zaw Min (RIT)
    • Ko Hla Min (RIT)
    • Ma Khin Than Myint Tin (RIT)
    • Ko Sein Shwe (RIT)
    • They attended the Inlay camp together with the 10th standard Luyechuns.
      Ko Than Sit (Sagaing, Liver Foundation, GBNF)
      Ko Uttam Singh (Myitkyina, RIT, NASA)
      Ko Win Myint (Letpadan, RIT, Bogyoke / Dy Minister)
      Ko Aung Myint (Mandalay)
      Ko Aung Kyaw Nyunt (Myingyan)
      Ko Kyaw Myint (Yamethin)
      Ko Kyaw Myint (Delta)
      Ko Nelson Kaw (Taunggyi)
      Ko Thein Lwin
      Ko Hla Kyaing (Yangon)

    • There were two other camps : Rangoon Combined Camp and Ngapali Camp (for the lower classes).
    • The staff members from Lu Nge Yay Yar (Youth Affairs) were responsible for the logistics.
    • Selected sayas and sayamas took charge of the Luyechuns.
      They include Dr. May May Yi (then at IM(2), later DG of BMRI), Daw Po (later Professor of Burmese), and U Aung Gyi (MASU Maths).
    • There was a mishap when one student got injured during a “mandatory” exercise program.
    • For this and other reasons, the later Camp Commandants were chosen from Sayagyis (e.g. U Ba Toke).

    Front : Than Sitt, Sein Shwe, Min Oo, Nelson Kaw, Kyaw Myint
    Back : Soe Aung, Aung Kyaw Nyunt, Aung Shwe, Hla Min, U Khin Aung

    Front : Than Sitt, Aung Kyaw Nyunt, Min Oo
    Back : Soe Aung, Kyaw Myint, Sein Shwe, Ye Myint, Hla Min
    This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is lyc-1.jpg
    Front : Hla Min
    Back : Aung Myint, Aung Kyaw Nyunt, Tin Maung Htwe, Ye Myint, Sein Shwe
    • Tekkatho Tun Naung (1st year BDS, madolin) and Ko Sein Shwe (4th BE Mech, dobat, harmonica, flute) were some of the entertainers for the Luyechun concert. U Aung Gyi (Maths, MASU) wrote the “Than Gyurt”.
    • Ko Tin Hlaing (Le Dwin Thar Saw Chit, 1st year Burmese, MASU) was a notable contributor to the daily pamphlets.
    • Some high school Luyechun students later joined RIT. They include Ko Win Myint (later Bogyoke), Ko Aung Win (later Saya), Uttam Singh (later Ph.D working at NASA), Ma Pwint Than (later EPC), …
    • The guest lecturers include Saya U Thein Han (Zawgyi), Saya Dr. Nyi Nyi, and U Thu Ta (Met and Hydro DG).
    • Trips include Lawpita Dam and selected factories and departments.

    Miscellaneous

    • Htut Kwan
    • 7-time winner
    • 6-time winner
    • 2-time winner
    • Association
    • Gatherings
    • FB Group
    • Support new generation of LYC
    • Donation for prevention / treatment of COVID
    • Database of LYC
    • Active members
    • GBNF (Gone But Not Forgotten)

    Guest Lecturers in 1965

    • Dr. Nyi Nyi (Secretary / Dy Minister)
    • U Thu Ta (DG, Met and Hydro)
    • U Thein Han (Zawgyi)

    Guest Lecturers in 1987/88

    • U Kyaw Myint (DHE)
    • U Hla Min (UCC/DCS/ICST)

    Luyechun Association

    • A few years back, Luyechun (1964-1988) Association was formed.
      The association meets one or more times a year.
    • There have been Annual Dinner Gatherings.
    • It has a Facebook group.
    • There are “Then and Now” photos of some Luyechuns.
    • Some are “Hturt Kwan” (Multiple) Luyechuns.
      Some were selected Luyechun for a consecutive number of years.
      A few won the award six or seven times.
    • Some Luyechuns have passed away.
    • Dr. Kyaw Sein Koe (IM 1) passed away early.
    • H.E. U Myint Thaung and U Myint Thin (M71, RIT) are some Luyechuns who passed away recently.

    Another Trip to Inlay in October 1965

    • As part of the award, one received a 50% travel discount.
    • During the October holidays in 1965, I took on the offer from Ko Aung Kyaw (Peter Pe, SPHS, star in one movie) to join him and Ko Maung Maung Aye (IM(1), GBNF) to visit his cousin doctor in Inn Paw Khone (Inlay village).
    • I visited Phaung Daw-U again with a difference (as expressed in my poem).

    PHAUNG DAW-U FESTIVAL

    Phaung Daw-U, oh Burma’s grandeur
    Can truly make our hearts sublime
    Its mystic charm and rhymeless splendor
    Have firmly stood the test of time

    It lies deep in the heart of people
    It gives them courage and inspiration
    No wonder this festival has no equal
    It promises joy and veneration

    On board the Karaweik so scintillating
    Stood the four images of Lord Buddha
    For the Noble Truth are we vindicating?
    What lies deep under the completed tour?

    But one statue was left behind
    Because in writings we do find
    That should it ever leave the shrine
    There will be thunder and storm
    Thus a happy reunion on the morn of the full moon of Thadinkyut

    From floating islands the leg rowers came
    To take part in the race
    With their muscular frame, with might and main
    Their oars flashing at a rapid pace

    Festivities last all night long
    Dances to the company of ozi and gong
    Oh, prayers that fill the cool evening air
    May loving kindness prevail everywhere

    Last Trip to Inlay in January 2020

    • I was invited to join the 2020 Professional Speakers Association (PSA) Tour to selected cities in Upper Myanmar.
    • Several hotels sponsored part of the tour and/or provided discount rates to the Tour group.
    • At the end of the tour, we visited Inlay.
      Two PSA sayas provided a short training course for the employees of the hotel.
  • Talk — English Study 2

    Talk — English Study 2

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 23, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Courses and/or Tests

    • Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
    • English as a Second Language (ESL)
    • English as a Specialty Language (ESL)

    My English Teachers

    • I.Sc.(A)
      Daw Khin Kyi Kyi
      Daw Tinsa Maw Naing
    • RIT
      Saya Des Rodgers
      Saya U Khin
      Saya U Win Mra

    Some Reference Books

    • Idioms
    • Proverbs
    • How to improve your diction
    • Rhyming Dictionary
  • Talk — Audio Book

    Talk — Audio Book

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 27, 2021

    Books

    • Regular Print
    • Large Print
    • Braille
    • e-Book
    • Audio Book
    • Special hardware and software to “scan and read” books

    Audio Books

    • Some may be available from Public Libraries
      Early : CDs
    • Some may require “Subscription”
      For downloading
    • Some may be offered at Discount in a Bundle
      Podcasts
      Book summaries
      Books
      e.g. Premium Subscription to Blinkist

    Listeners’ Heaven

    https://www.facebook.com/listenersheaven

    • Established in November 2020
    • Facebook Group
    • Provides “Subscription”
    • Offerings
      Win Pe
      Minthuwun
      Zat Kyee Hse Bwe
      Selected Novels
      Overview of selected “hot” topics
  • Talk — Vipassana

    Talk — Vipassana

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast

    U Hla Min

    Disciples of Mingun Narada Sayadaw

    • Mahasi Sayadaw
    • Taung Pu Lu Sayadaw

    Disciples of Mahasi Sayadaw

    • Panditarama Sayadaw
    • Saddamaramsi Sayadaw
    • Chan Myei Sayadaw U Janakabhivamsa
    • Dhammananda Sayadaw U Silanandabhivamsa
    • Kheippa Bein Nyaw (Vietnamese)

    Dhamma Lineage of Ledi Sayadaw

    • Saya Thet
    • U Ba Khin
    • S N Goenka

    Fundamentals of Vipassana Meditation

    • Primary Author : Mahasi Sayadaw
    • Translator : Maung Tha Noe
    • Editor : Sayadaw U Silananda
    • Original Publisher : Dhammachakka Meditation Center, 1991
    • Republished with other articles : Tathagata Meditation Center

    Other articles included the book

    (1) “Instructions to Meditation Practice” by Mahasi Sayadaw
    (2) “Benefits of Walking Meditation” by Sayadaw U Silananda
    (3) “Guidance for Yogis at Interview” by Sayadaw U Pandita
    (4) “An Interview with Mahasi Sayadaw” by Thamanaykyaw, translated by U Hla Myint

  • Talk — Word Games

    Talk — Word Games

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 6, 2021

    U Hla Min

    Introduction

    • Crossword Puzzle
      Various levels of complexity
    • Lexicon
      Card Game
    • Anagram
      Making new words and phrases from the given word
      e.g. North, South, East and West can be transformed into Thorn, Shout, Seat and Stew
    • Jumbled Words
      Feature of a newspaper column
    • Scrabble

    Scrabble

    This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is img_20190821_0001.jpg
    • Scrabble is a board game.
    • A game can be played by two to four players.
    • There are a specified number of tiles.
    • Each tile holds a letter worth one to ten points, or a “blank” (similar to a “joker” or a “wild card” in card games).

    Rules

    • The word must appear in the official set of dictionaries (e.g. Chamber’s Dictionary, Jone’s Pronouncing Dictionary).
    • A player can challenge the validity of a word.
      He or she will forfeit a turn if the challenge is unsuccessful.
    • A bonus of 50 points is given for a word formed with all seven tiles. e.g. MAJESTY
    • In some contests, adding “s” to a singular to make it plural is disallowed.

    Scrabble Tournaments

    In our younger days, Scrabble tournaments were held by

    • Guardian Newspaper
      P. (Paul) Aung Khin (Editor, “Dawlay’s Circle”) was a host.
      There was a “Tiger” Scrabble team with U Tin Shwe, U Ba U and their friend.
      One of the Tigers joined Saya Des Rodgers to play Doubles.
    • RIT Scrabble Club
      Saya Des and Saya U Khin were hosts.
    • YMCA
      Known for the Chess Champions (e.g. Saya Dawson).
      Hosted Scrabble tournaments.

    Saya Des Rodgers won several trophies. Most of the English sayas (e.g. U Khin) and sayamas (e.g. Daw Toni) played Scrabble along with the students such as Ko Myo Tun (Bobby) and Ko Khin Maung Win (Roland). Civil Engineering sayas (e.g. U Tin Win) also frequent the English Department for Scrabble sessions and tournaments.

    Saya U Khin has Chamber’s Dictionary and Jone’s Pronouncing Dictionary on his desk for use in the challenges.

    Update of RIT Scrabble Players

    • Saya Des moved to UK and then Canada.
    • Saya U Khin moved to Taiwan.
    • Sayama Toni joined her husband U Nyi Than (who retired as Ambassador).
      After his demise, Sayama moved back to Yangon.
      She attends and/or host gatherings (sumptuous food and Scrabble) in Yangon.
    • Bobby is now Ashin Pannagavesaka (Former Dhamma Librarian, Pa Auk Tawya monastery in Mawlamyine).
      Bobby mentioned that Paul requested him to be a judge at the Guardian Scrabble tournaments, so he could not participate.
    • Roland retired after working for an Embassy in Yangon.
  • Talk — Myanmar Engg

    Talk — Myanmar Engg

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 24, 2021

    U Hla Min

    History of Myanmar Engineering Education

    • HMEE-2012
      Lead Author : Saya U Aung Hla Tun (National Literary Award Winner)
      U Ohn Khine (M70) and I compiled the CD Supplement
    • Beginning of Engineering Courses at Rangoon University
    • BOC College of Engineering and Mining
    • Faculty of Engineering
    • Leik Khone
    • Burma Institute of Technology (BIT)
    • Rangoon Institute of Technology (RIT)
    • Yangon Institute of Technology (YIT)
    • Yangon Technological University (YTU)
    • Changes in Education Systems and Names

    Early supporters of the Project

    • Sayagyi U Ba Than
    • Saya U Thaw Kaung
    • Saya U Soe Paing (my mentor at RIT and UCC).

    Saya U Soe Paing’s post on March 5, 2011

    I went to the University Central Library (UCL) on Tuesday and managed to get scanned photos from the Eng Student Annual Magazines for the academic years 51-52, 52-53, 56-57 and 60-61. Photos include photos of Sayas and students of that year. From these when can know about the Sayas at that year. We can also identify the students at that year.

    Saya U Sein Hlaing (Professor of Electrical Engineering) was a final year student in 1951-52 and became an A/L (Assistant Lecturer) starting 1952-53.

    Saya U Tin Swe (Lecturer, EE Department) was a student in 1951-52 and 52-53. He was a member of the Eng Student Union and the victorious Prome Hall football team.

    Ex-Burma Selected Footballer U Chan Tha (Chief Engineer, Roads, Rangoon Municipal) was the Captain of the football team.

    U Khin Si, husband of RIT Finance Officer Daw Yin Yin Htway and part time lecturer Textile, and his brother U Tin Si were also members of that victorious team. The brothers were also outstanding tennis players and excelled at the Doubles event. Their partnership won RU as well as national championships.

    The 1956-57 magazine contains photos when the new Leik Khone Engineering Buildings were inaugurated in 1956 Nov by HE U Ba Swe, Prime Minister at that time.

    In the 1952-53 magazine I found out that Mr. Robert Hole (ex-EE, Highways, PWD,PWC,CC; uncle of Percy Maung Maung and uncle Bobby to me) was the English editor. I called Uncle Bobby and requested him to write something about his engineering student days, his teachers and fellow students. He agreed and asked for about three weeks time.

    I need to go back and to the UCL to get more info from the RIT handbook 1966-67 and photos from the Hlyat Sit Sar Saung.

    Saya U Ba Than (Professor of Mechanical Engineering) has donated some of his Engineering College photos to the MES library and I need to go there to check up on the photos.

    Best wishes
    SP (Saya U Soe Paing)

    Editor’s notes

    • An academic usually spans two years. To save space and time, I had loosely used the end year instead of the start year and end year. Using that notation, Saya U Sein Hlaing is from the Class of 52; Saya U Tin Swe and U Chan Tha are from the Class of 53; U Aw Taik Maw is from the Class of 54.
    • In the early days, there were no Instructors (but only Assistant Lecturers) for the Faculty of Engineering. They are Gazetted officers.
    • Some of our sayas (Saya Dr. Aung Gyi, Saya U Min Wun, Saya U Maung Maung Than, Saya U Khin Aung Kyi, Saya U Aung Khin, Saya U Thit, Saya U Thein Lwin, Saya U Soe Paing) applied for “States Scholar” before graduation.
    • Some (Saya Allen Htay, Saya Dr San Hla Aung, Saya U Htin Paw, Saya Dr. Ba Lwin, Saya U San Tun, Saya U Tin Hlaing) joined the faculty and were selected to do post-graduate studies.
    • Grapevine says that the Halls would aggressively seek outstanding athletes (footballers,…)
    • U Chan Tha is also Past Captain and Gold of RUBC Gold. He attended RUBC Regattas (including the 90th Anniversary of the Founding of RUBC). I was a contributing editor for the commemorative issue.
    • Ko Percy Maung Maung and his younger brother Ko Hugh Maung Maung are old crocs. Ko Percy is a class mate of Saya U Soe Paing at SPHS (St. Paul’s High School) and Stanford University.
    • Ma Gilmore Hole, daughter of Mr. Robert Hole, was a sayama at UCC, DCS and ICST. Due to declining health (and some loss of memory), Mr. Robert Hole could not fulfill his promise to write about RUESU and the olden days.
    • Saya Dr. Yan Naing Lwin (Emeritus Professor of Physics at Western Illinois University) e-mailed me a copy of the “Burmese state scholars in ’54”. The list was published in one of my early updates. The list includes Saya U Sein Hlaing, Saya U Tin Swe, …
    • Ko Benny Tan (M 70) used to have two copies of the “RIT Handbook”. One was loaned indefinitely by an alumni. I published the list of permanent and part-time sayas and sayamas from that handbook in one of early “RIT Alumni International Newsletter” updates.
    • Saya U Moe Aung (Tekkatho Moe War, EE) may have old copies of “Hlyat Sit Sar Saung”, RIT Annual Magazines, commemorative Swel Daw Yeik Sar Saungs for SPZP-2002, SPZP-2007 and SPZP-2010, commemorative Swel Daw Yeik Magazines for Shwe YaDu and SPZP-2016. Saya served as Chief Editor and/or Publisher for the above mentioned publications.
    • Saya Charlie Kaw (Tex, GBNF) is believed to have brought along with him the projects of his final year students when he migrated to the USA.
    • “History of University Engineering Education in Burma/Myanmar” was published in time for SPZP-2012. Due to resource constraints, there were inadvertent errors and missing names/captions for the photos. Ko Ohn Khine (M70) translated Section 1 and summarized Section 2 in English. The translations were provided in the companion CD compiled by Ko Ohn Khine and yours truly.
    • Saya U Aung Hla Tun (Met, National Literary Award winner) headed the team (see attached photo). Saya feels that the younger generation could/should “correct” the book and enhance it.

  • Talk — Myanmar Study 2

    Talk — Myanmar Study 2

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 26, 2021

    U Hla Min
    • Some Early Authors and Poets
      Minby Sayadaw U Awbatha
      Kyee The Lay Htutt Sayadaw
      Ananda Thuriya
      Shin Maha Rathta Thara
      Shin Maha Thilawuntha
      Pho Thudaw U Min and Lu U Min
      U Kyin Oo
      U Pone Nya

    • Burmese Language Commission
      Bogyi (later Bohmu Ba Thaung)
      Thesis on Early Sarsodaws
      Retired Colonel U San Lwin
      Compiler, Lexicographer
    • Khit San
      Khit San Sar Pay co-founders : students of U Pe Maung Tin
      ICS U Sein Tin (Theikpan Maung Wa)
      U Thein Han (Zawgyi)
      U Wun (Minthuwun)
      Khit San Kabyar
      Published by Saya U Pe Maung Tin and students
    • Sagar
      Sagar Lein Mar Aung Myint Yar (Speaking)

      Sar Pay Beik Man
      Sagar Pone (Proverbs)
      Early : Series by High School Sayamagyi
      Burmese Proverbs (by Saya Dr. Hla Phay, Professor, SOAS)
      Later : Book (by Myanmar Sar Ah Phwe)
      Sagar Pariye
      Collection by Dr. Nyunt Wai (SPHS63)
    • Jataka Tales
      Tay Za Thu Nay Ma Bu San Nar Wi Way (Zat Tasw Gyi)
      Some are available as Audio Books from
      https; //www.facebook.com/listenersheaven
      (Ko Myint Htwe and Team)
    • Media
      Radio Programs (Plays …)
      Newspapers (Columnists …)
      Magazines (Poems, Short stories, Novels …)
      Later : TV Broadcasts, Internet

  • Talk — Myanmar Study 1

    Talk — Myanmar Study 1

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 25, 2021

    U Hla Min
    • Infant (C), (B) and (A) in PPBRS
      Known as LKG, MKG and HKG in other schools
      Basics of Myanmar Language (Reading, Writing, Recitation)
    • Primary School
      Daung Phutt Sar (Peacock Reader)
    • Middle School
      Myanmar Thadda (Grammar by Saya U Pe Maung Tin)
      Selected Prose
      Selected Kabyar
    • High School
      Prescribed Texts (Prose, Kabyar, Pya Zat, Spelling …)
      Essays
    • Formal and Informal Learning
      Prize : Translation of Aesop’s Fables (by Min Yu Way and Ngwe Tar Yi)
      Texts and References of older brother and sisters (Zi Nat Hta Pa Ka Tha Ni, Lu Du Aung Than, Pyidaung Su Pan Daing, Pyi Daw Tha Kha Yee, Kabyar Pan Kone …)
      Fiction and Non-fiction
      Magazines
      Cartoons, Comics
      Protective Verses
      Myanmar Swel Sone Kyan
  • Talk — Bawga Bala

    Talk — Bawga Bala

    by Hla Min

    Updated : Aug 2025

    Video Broadcast on January 2021

    U Hla Min

    Business Acumen / Strength
    Managing Income / Investments and Expenditure / Charity …

    • Formal Learning / Training
      Economics (Theory and Practice)
      E-business / E-commerce
      Marketing (e.g. Telemarketing)
      Sales (e.g. Brick and Mortar, Online)
    • Informal Learning
      Internship
      Assist Family Business
    • Work for a company / organization
      Start up
      Small
      Medium
      Large
      Corporate
      National
      International
    • Self-employed
    • Run a company / business
      Consultancy
      LLC (Limited Liability Corporation)
      Non-profit (For-purpose)
      For-profit
    • Standards / Recommendations
      e.g. ISO
    • Legal aspects
      Intellectual Property
      Rules and Regulations (Local, State, National, International)
      Acquisitions, Mergers, Spin-offs