Zero has no value when it stands by itself. When a zero is placed to the right of a number, it increases the value N-fold (where N, say 10, is the Base or Radix of the Number System.
10 (Ten)
Ten stands for the number of fingers on our hands. It is used as the Base of the Decimal Number System. 10/10 (Ten out of Ten) is a perfect score in some contests (e.g. gymnastics, diving).
20 (Twenty)
Twenty is known as a “Score”. Abraham Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg Address starts with “Four scores and seven years ago”. In French and Pali, the number 80 is expressed as four 20s (instead of eight tens). A card name is known as Vingt-e-un (Twenty One).
Per Dr. Kyaw Tint] : Maybe because we have 10 fingers and 10 toes, altogether adding up to score.
60 (Sixty)
Sixty has many factors : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 … It is used as a Base for Time and Angles. e.g 1 minute = 60 seconds 1 hour = 60 minutes
Powers of 2
Two is used as a Base for the Binary Number System. Digital computers extensively use the system.
Four, Eight and Sixteen are used as Bases (in Computer Science).
The winners have an option to take the grand prize in installments over a specified period of years, or to take lump sum. They have to pay applicable taxes.
The shop gets a commission for selling winning tickets.
Aung Bar Lay
During our younger days, Aung Bar Lay Lottery announced the winners every two months (or so).
Resellers bought a set of 11 tickets for 20 kyats.
A lottery ticket sold for two kyats.
The top prize at one time was One Lakh Kyats.
One advertisement ran, “Do not reject the suitor outright. He has an ‘Aung Bar Lay’ ticket in his pocket.”
Aung Su Pan and Imitators
Some (e.g. Aung Su Pan, Kandawgalay) became big distributors.
They promised to inform the winners (who do not need to find out from the newspapers or from the radio broadcasts.
[Per Dr. Nyunt Wai] :
To avoid law suit, Aung Kha Yu Pan was created. Near the main Aung Su Pan lottery shop in Thein-gyi-zay, we could see smaller shops on the platform in front. One of these was Aung Kha-Yu Pan. Hanging Sabai pan-gones (jasmine garlands) between Kha and Yu, the sign board looked just like Aung Su Pan. Because the main shop was crowded, some people bought tickets from Aung Kha Yu Pan, thinking it was a road-side stand of Aung Su Pan.
Branding Campaigns
Cigarette manufacturers such as London Gold Flake (by U Win Shein & company) and Ludu Cigarette (by U Cho & company) started selling lottery tickets.
They require the buyer to provide a specified number of empty/used cigarette packets to get a lottery ticket from them.
The winners of the tickets received bonuses. Examples: One Lakh on top of the One Lakh prize. Vacation and/or round-trip air tickets
Luck
According to statistics, there is a very low probability of winning the Grand Prize (often known as the Jack Pot).
There are many who have never won a lottery prize.
Yet, there are some lucky people who won the Grand Prize several times.
A few won lottery games several times in a single day.
Some rely on their luck and their guts to choose the time and place to buy lottery tickets.
“Details of my thesis” by Cho Cho Hlaing (Peter’s paternal aunt)
“Condolences to Win Mar” by U Tin Htoon (Peter’s paternal uncle)
Birthdays
Sad News
Cho Cho Hlaing, aunt
See “Peter’s Drawings for Cho Cho Hlaing’s Thesis”
The title of my thesis is “The cultural background of preparing and serving of Burmese Food“
There are 8 chapters starting with Dana, such as offering (Soon Laung De) to a row of SANGHAS, SoonKyway at home.
For each chapter Peter did a wonderful drawing, all together ten drawings which clearly express the text, “ A Picture is Worth A Thoughtful Words”. I gained Credit in my Final Exam and the Professor was very impressed with Peter’s drawings.
U Tin Htoon, uncle
Dear Win Mar, Min Ko, Prudence & Ye Lay,
The sudden and unexpected passing away of your beloved husband and father Dr. Peter Khin Tun on April 13, 2020 sent a wave of grief throughout UK and the world.
Since then tributes have poured in from his Berkshire hospital colleagues and staff, relatives and friends around the world by way of emails, posting on Face Book etc. However, the most valuable and encouraging words was from Oxford Sayadaw U Dhammasami.
Sayadaw U Dhammasami was in Yangon during that time and sent this addressed to Peter through one of his close devotee. He even instructed the monks at his Oxford monastery to perform Dana for Peter and to share the good merits. Sayadaw also emailed to Min Ko and Ye Lay expressing his heartfelt sympathy.
Permit me to supplement Sayadaw’s view about Peter. The Buddha said:
“By oneself is evil done, by oneself is one defiled, By oneself is evil not done, by oneself is one purified. Both defilement and purity depend on oneself. No one is purified by another.”
As you all know, the Buddha taught us “The Art of Living”, or “A Way of Life.” And Peter knew it very well since he was a teenager and he practiced accordingly, not only when praying and meditating but while at work or at home. He discharged his profound duty of a parent as spelt out in the Siṅgālovāda Sutta (Sigālovāda Sutta). In this Sutta Buddha taught the moral conduct of different members of the society to achieve a peaceful harmonious society. The Buddha described the duties of parents to their children as follows:
Restrain their children from evil
Encourage them to do good
Give them good education or skill for a profession
Arrange a suitable marriage and
Must hand over their inheritance to them at a proper time. Likewise the five duties of children are:
Support parents in return (when they have income)
Manage affairs on their behalf
Maintain the tradition of the family
Make oneself worthy of the inheritance
Give alms on behalf of the departed parents Although such Buddha’s teaching provides human beings to have peace, harmony and happiness in this very life, the main essence is to achieve cessation of Dukkha (generally translated as “suffering” although it is far beyond that) by practicing the “Noble Eightfold Path.” It consist of three parts of moral practice, three parts to develop concentration and two parts to achieve wisdom. The practice is known as “Vipassana (Insight) Meditation.” The benefits are – for the purification of mind, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the complete destruction of pain and grief, for reaching the right path, for the attainment of Nibbana. Now that you all have personally experienced the untimely loss of your husband and father, you know very well how difficult it is to overcome sorrow, lamentation, pain and grief. In order to help face the vicissitudes of life it is essential to learn and practice Vipassana meditation.
I strongly wish to recommend visiting the website – https://www.dhamma.org and find the meditation center that will be convenient for you, location and time wise. This group teaches Vipassana meditation in the tradition of Sayagyi U Ba Khin as taught by S.N. Goenka and his Assistant Teachers worldwide.
I have attached the pdf copy of the book “The Art of Living” by William Hart so that you will have a better understanding of their approach. The book was based on 10—Day Vipassana meditation courses conducted by S.N. Goenka and contain a story and Q & A at the end of every chapter.
In conclusion I wish to share with you the untimely losses in our family before Peter.
Our maternal side grandfather at the age of 43.
My father at the age of 60.
My 2nd brother’s wife at the age of 56.
My 2nd sister’s son at the age of 32.
I sincerely hope that this letter of mine will help bring some comfort and solace during these hard times.
U Myint Swe (EP74) and Daw San San (EC74) gave us a ride to iNapa Winery to attend the gathering hosted by U Gordon Kaung (M83) and Daw Lillian Kaung (EC83). Thanks to all four of them.
Attendees include
U Aung Soe Win (Consul General) & family
U Kai (Myanmar Gazette) & brother
Saya U Maung Maung (George)
Saya U Myat Htoo
U Ko Ko Zin
U Aung Myint Oo
U Nyunt Than
U San Lin
U Myo Aung
Spouses
Daw Mu Mu Khin
Guests (including historian of Atlas Peak).
U Aung Soe Win presented a Myanmar Flag.
Group photos were taken in front of the flags.
iNapa Wine presented two bottles of Premium Wine:
one for U Aung Soe Win
one for CGLA employees.
The event was reported in Myanmar Gazette.
Photos :
Couple
Group and Flag
Couple and Flag
U Aung Soe Win conversing with NorCal RITAA members
At iNapa Winery 2At iNapa Winery 3At iNapa Winery 4