Blog

  • Numbers

    0 (Zero)

    Zero has no value when it stands by itself. When a zero is placed to the right of a number, it increases the value N-fold (where N, say 10, is the Base or Radix of the Number System.

    10 (Ten)

    Ten stands for the number of fingers on our hands. It is used as the Base of the Decimal Number System. 10/10 (Ten out of Ten) is a perfect score in some contests (e.g. gymnastics, diving).

    20 (Twenty)

    Twenty is known as a “Score”. Abraham Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg Address starts with “Four scores and seven years ago”. In French and Pali, the number 80 is expressed as four 20s (instead of eight tens). A card name is known as Vingt-e-un (Twenty One).

    Per Dr. Kyaw Tint] : Maybe because we have 10 fingers and 10 toes, altogether adding up to score.

    60 (Sixty)

    Sixty has many factors : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 …
    It is used as a Base for Time and Angles.
    e.g 1 minute = 60 seconds
    1 hour = 60 minutes

    Powers of 2

    Two is used as a Base for the Binary Number System.
    Digital computers extensively use the system.

    Four, Eight and Sixteen are used as Bases (in Computer Science).

  • Protective Verses

    Protective Verses (1)

    ဗုဒ္ဓါနံ ဇိဝိတဿ နသက္ကာ ကေနစိ အန္တရာယောကာတုံ တထာမေဟောတုဧတေန သစ္စဝဇ္ဇေန သောတ္ထိ ဆန္ဒပြပြည်သူလူထုအပေါင်း ဟောတုသဗ္ဗဒါ

    မြတ်စွာဘုရား၏အသက် ဘေးအန္တရာယ်ကို တစုံတစ်ယောက်သောသူမှ ပြုချင်းငှာမတတ်နိုင်။ ဤမှန်သောသစ္စာကြောင့် ဆန္ဒပြသူအပေါင်း အခါခပ်သိမ်း ဘေးကင်းပါစေ

    Protective Verses (2)

    ဉုံဗုဒ္ဓ စက္ခုံ တစ်ကိုယ်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံဓမ္မ စက္ခုံ တစ်ကိုယ်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံသံဃာ့ စက္ခုံ တစ်ကိုယ်လုံးခြုံ

    ဉုံဗုဒ္ဓ စက္ခုံ တစ်အိမ်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံဓမ္မ စက္ခုံ တစ်အိမ်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံသံဃာ့ စက္ခုံ တစ်အိမ်လုံးခြုံ

    ဉုံဗုဒ္ဓ စက္ခုံ တစ်လမ်းလုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံဓမ္မ စက္ခုံ တစ်လမ်းလုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံသံဃာ့ စက္ခုံ တစ်လမ်းလုံးခြုံ

    ဉုံဗုဒ္ဓ စက္ခုံ တစ်မြို့လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံဓမ္မ စက္ခုံ တစ်မြို့လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံသံဃာ့ စက္ခုံ တစ်မြို့လုံးခြုံ

    ဉုံဗုဒ္ဓ စက္ခုံ တစ်ပြည်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံဓမ္မ စက္ခုံ တစ်ပြည်လုံးခြုံ
    ဉုံသံဃာ့ စက္ခုံ တစ်ပြည်လုံးခြုံ

    မြန်မာ ပြည်သူ/ပြည်သားများ အားလုံး ဘေးအန္တရာယ် ကင်းကြပါစေ

  • Heritage

    • Heritage may stand for property handed over to an heir.
    • Heritage may mean tradition.
    • Heritage may mean something that is transmitted by or acquired from a predecessor

    UNESCO

    UNESCO provides grant for sites that have been accepted as “UNESCO Heritage Site”.

    Some ancient Pyu sites (e.g. Hanlin) are designated as UNESCO Heritage Site.

    Yangon Heritage Trust

    Yangon Heritage Trust has recognized several old schools as Yangon City Heritage. They include :

    • SPHS (St. Paul’s High School)
    • St. John’s College (originally called St. John’s Diocesan [Boys] School)
    • MEHS (Methodist English High School)
    • Myoma National School
    SPHS
    St. John’s Dio

    Historic Sites

    In the USA, some sites and buildings are deemed to be “historic” (e.g. 150+ years old).

    Restrictions are placed on how to upgrade them.

  • Lottery

    Types of Lottery

    The types of Lottery vary by country and state.

    Well known ones include

    • Power Ball
    • Mega Millions
    • Super Lotto

    The winners have an option to take the grand prize in installments over a specified period of years, or to take lump sum. They have to pay applicable taxes.

    The shop gets a commission for selling winning tickets.

    Aung Bar Lay

    • During our younger days, Aung Bar Lay Lottery announced the winners every two months (or so).
    • Resellers bought a set of 11 tickets for 20 kyats.
    • A lottery ticket sold for two kyats.
    • The top prize at one time was One Lakh Kyats.
    • One advertisement ran, “Do not reject the suitor outright. He has an ‘Aung Bar Lay’ ticket in his pocket.”

    Aung Su Pan and Imitators

    • Some (e.g. Aung Su Pan, Kandawgalay) became big distributors.
    • They promised to inform the winners (who do not need to find out from the newspapers or from the radio broadcasts.

    [Per Dr. Nyunt Wai] :

    To avoid law suit, Aung Kha Yu Pan was created. Near the main Aung Su Pan lottery shop in Thein-gyi-zay, we could see smaller shops on the platform in front. One of these was Aung Kha-Yu Pan. Hanging Sabai pan-gones (jasmine garlands) between Kha and Yu, the sign board looked just like Aung Su Pan. Because the main shop was crowded, some people bought tickets from Aung Kha Yu Pan, thinking it was a road-side stand of Aung Su Pan.

    Branding Campaigns

    • Cigarette manufacturers such as London Gold Flake (by U Win Shein & company) and Ludu Cigarette (by U Cho & company) started selling lottery tickets.
    • They require the buyer to provide a specified number of empty/used cigarette packets to get a lottery ticket from them.
    • The winners of the tickets received bonuses.
      Examples:
      One Lakh on top of the One Lakh prize.
      Vacation and/or round-trip air tickets

    Luck

    • According to statistics, there is a very low probability of winning the Grand Prize (often known as the Jack Pot).
    • There are many who have never won a lottery prize.
    • Yet, there are some lucky people who won the Grand Prize several times.
    • A few won lottery games several times in a single day.
    • Some rely on their luck and their guts to choose the time and place to buy lottery tickets.
  • 69er GBNF

    Architecture — 2 ယောက်

    1. တိုဘီ
      Tobias Kittim Ku
    2. တင်မောင်လှ
      Tin Maung Hla

    Metallurgical Engineering — 3 ယောက်

    1. မျိုးမြင့်
      Myo Myint
    2. မြသောင်း
      Mya Thaung
    3. မောင်ထွန်း
      Maung Tun

    Petroleum Production Engg. — 4 ယောက်

    • ကျော်ဆန်း
      Kyaw San
    • ညီမောင်
      Nyi Maung
    • အောင်မြင့်
      Aung Myint
    • မြင့်မောင်
      Myint Maung

    Chemical Engineering — 6 ယောက်

    • မ တင်နု
      Ma Tin Nu
    • အောင်မင်း
      Aung Min
    • အောင်မြတ်ကျော်
      Aung Myat Kyaw
    • မင်းထွန်းလှိုင်
      Mehm Tun Hlaing
    • မြင့်ဆွေ
      Myint Swe
    • ခင်မောင်ဦး
      Khin Maung Oo

    Mining Engineering — 10 ယောက်

    • ချစ်ဆွေ
      Chit Swe
    • ကျော်သန်း
      Kyaw Than
    • မြင့်ဆွေ
      Myint Swe
    • မြင့်ကြည်
      Myint Kyi
    • အောင်နိုင်
      Aung Naing
    • ချစ်ထွန်း
      Chit Tun
    • ကျော်စိုး
      Kyaw Soe
    • ကျော်တင့်
      Kyaw Tint
    • ခင်ကျော်ငြိမ်း
      Khin Kyaw Nyein
    • အောင်ဝင်း
      Aung Win

    Textile Engineering — 12 ယောက်

    • လှထွန်း
      Hla Tun
    • ဂျင်မီကြင်
      Jimmy Kyin
    • ကျော်ဒင်
      Kyaw Din
    • တင့်ဆွေ (အမရပူရ)
      Tint Swe
    • မ မြင့်မြင့်ကြည်
      Ma Myint Myint Kyi
    • ချစ်ဆွေ
      Chit Swe
    • ကျော်ဆင့်
      Kyaw Sint
    • စိန်ဝင်း
      Sein Win
    • လှရွှေ
      Hla Shwe
    • မ မင်းမင်းသန်း
      Ma Min Min Than
    • ကျော်မင်း
      Kyaw Min
    • နန်းစုစု
      Nan Su Su

  • Peter Tun — May 15, 2020

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    • “Details of my thesis” by Cho Cho Hlaing (Peter’s paternal aunt)
    • “Condolences to Win Mar” by U Tin Htoon (Peter’s paternal uncle)
    • Birthdays
    • Sad News

    Cho Cho Hlaing, aunt

    See “Peter’s Drawings for Cho Cho Hlaing’s Thesis”

    The title of my thesis is “The cultural background of preparing and serving of Burmese Food“

    There are 8 chapters starting with Dana, such as offering (Soon Laung De) to a row of SANGHAS, SoonKyway at home.

    For each chapter Peter did a wonderful drawing, all together ten drawings which clearly express the text, “ A Picture is Worth A Thoughtful Words”. I gained Credit in my Final Exam and the Professor was very impressed with Peter’s drawings.

    U Tin Htoon, uncle

    Dear Win Mar, Min Ko, Prudence & Ye Lay,

    The sudden and unexpected passing away of your beloved husband and father Dr. Peter Khin Tun on April 13, 2020 sent a wave of grief throughout UK and the world.

    Since then tributes have poured in from his Berkshire hospital colleagues and staff, relatives and friends around the world by way of emails, posting on Face Book etc. However, the most valuable and encouraging
    words was from Oxford Sayadaw U Dhammasami.

    Sayadaw U Dhammasami was in Yangon during that time and sent this addressed to Peter through one of his close devotee. He even instructed the monks at his Oxford monastery to perform Dana for Peter and to share
    the good merits. Sayadaw also emailed to Min Ko and Ye Lay expressing his heartfelt sympathy.

    Permit me to supplement Sayadaw’s view about Peter. The Buddha said:

    “By oneself is evil done, by oneself is one defiled,
    By oneself is evil not done, by oneself is one purified.
    Both defilement and purity depend on oneself.
    No one is purified by another.”

    As you all know, the Buddha taught us “The Art of Living”, or “A Way of Life.” And Peter knew it very well since he was a teenager and he practiced accordingly, not only when praying and meditating but while at work or at
    home. He discharged his profound duty of a parent as spelt out in the Siṅgālovāda Sutta (Sigālovāda Sutta). In this Sutta Buddha taught the moral conduct of different members of the society to achieve a peaceful
    harmonious society. The Buddha described the duties of parents to their children as follows:

    1. Restrain their children from evil
    2. Encourage them to do good
    3. Give them good education or skill for a profession
    4. Arrange a suitable marriage and
    5. Must hand over their inheritance to them at a proper time.
      Likewise the five duties of children are:
    6. Support parents in return (when they have income)
    7. Manage affairs on their behalf
    8. Maintain the tradition of the family
    9. Make oneself worthy of the inheritance
    10. Give alms on behalf of the departed parents
      Although such Buddha’s teaching provides human beings to have peace, harmony and happiness in this very life, the main essence is to achieve cessation of Dukkha (generally translated as “suffering” although it is far beyond that) by practicing the “Noble Eightfold Path.” It consist of three parts of moral practice, three parts to
      develop concentration and two parts to achieve wisdom. The practice is known as “Vipassana (Insight) Meditation.” The benefits are – for the purification of mind, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the complete destruction of pain and grief, for reaching the right path, for the attainment of Nibbana.
      Now that you all have personally experienced the untimely loss of your husband and father, you know very well how difficult it is to overcome sorrow, lamentation, pain and grief. In order to help face the vicissitudes of life it is essential to learn and practice Vipassana meditation.

      I strongly wish to recommend visiting the website – https://www.dhamma.org and find the meditation center
      that will be convenient for you, location and time wise. This group teaches Vipassana meditation in the tradition of Sayagyi U Ba Khin as taught by S.N. Goenka and his Assistant Teachers worldwide.

      I have attached the pdf copy of the book “The Art of Living” by William Hart so that you will have a better understanding of their approach. The book was based on 10—Day Vipassana meditation courses conducted by S.N. Goenka and contain a story and Q & A at the end of every chapter.

    In conclusion I wish to share with you the untimely losses in our family before Peter.

    1. Our maternal side grandfather at the age of 43.
    2. My father at the age of 60.
    3. My 2nd brother’s wife at the age of 56.
    4. My 2nd sister’s son at the age of 32.

      I sincerely hope that this letter of mine will help bring some comfort and solace during these hard times.

    Birthdays

    • Ye Lay (Peter’s younger son)
    • Tin Tin Hlaing (Peter’s cousin)

    Sad News

    • Daw Nwe (elder sister of Daw Pa Pa Win)
    • U Khin Aung Bo, President of MARB
  • iNapa Winery in April 2018

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    U Myint Swe (EP74) and Daw San San (EC74) gave us a ride to iNapa Winery to attend the gathering hosted by U Gordon Kaung (M83) and Daw Lillian Kaung (EC83). Thanks to all four of them.

    Attendees include

    • U Aung Soe Win (Consul General) & family
    • U Kai (Myanmar Gazette) & brother
    • Saya U Maung Maung (George)
    • Saya U Myat Htoo
    • U Ko Ko Zin
    • U Aung Myint Oo
    • U Nyunt Than
    • U San Lin
    • U Myo Aung
    • Spouses
    • Daw Mu Mu Khin
    • Guests (including historian of Atlas Peak).

    U Aung Soe Win presented a Myanmar Flag.

    Group photos were taken in front of the flags.

    iNapa Wine presented two bottles of Premium Wine:

    • one for U Aung Soe Win
    • one for CGLA employees.

    The event was reported in Myanmar Gazette.

    Photos :

    • Couple
    • Group and Flag
    • Couple and Flag
    • U Aung Soe Win conversing with NorCal RITAA members
    At iNapa Winery 2
    At iNapa Winery 3
    At iNapa Winery 4
  • Saddhamaransi Sayadaw

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    Saddhamaransi Sayadaw U Kundala

    • Senior disciple of Mahasi Sayadawgyi
    • Outstanding meditation teacher
    • Made Dhamma Duta missions abroad (until his health forced him to stop going on long, tedious trips).
    • His biography (which covers to the age of 85) and his works can be found in http://www.saddhamaransi.org/

    The Nine Essential Factors Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi (Volume 1)

    • Author : Ashin Kundalabhivamsa
      Mahasi Nayaka, Kamatthanacariya Sadhhammaramsi Center Sayadaw
    • Translator and Publisher: [Dr. Daw] Khin Mya Mya [Ph.D]
      Singapore
      Later relocated to US

    Contents

    • Biography of Sayadaw U Kundalabhivamsa
    • Preface
      
    • Chapter 1 : The Vipassana Bhavana
    • (a) Vipassana meditation
    • (b) How to note the Kaya
    • (i) How to note the mind objects
      
    • Chapter 2 : First Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi
    • (a) The benefits of Vipassana meditation
    • (b) How difficult it is to have a chance to practise Vipassana meditation
    • (c) The ability of the yogi to direct his mind on the nature of cessation of phenomena
      
    • Chapter 3 : Second Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi
    • (a) How to note respectfully and penetratively
    • (b) How to note to be right at the present
    • (g) How to note to overcome the Upekkha Vedana
      
    • Chapter 4 : Third Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi (Part 1)
    • (a) The ability of the yogi to note continuously
    • (b) The first Samphajhana instruction
    • (c) The second Samphajhana instruction
    • (d) The third Samphajhana instruction
      
    • Chapter 5 : Third Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi (Part 2)
    • (a) The fourth Samphajhana instruction
    • (b) The fifth Samphajhana instruction
    • (c) The sixth Samphajhana instruction
    • (d) The seventh Samphajhana instruction
      
    • Chapter 6 : Fourth Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi
    • (a) The suitable meditation center
    • (g) The suitable posture
      
    • Chapter 7 : Fifth Factor Which Strengthen the Indiriya of a Vipassana Meditating Yogi
    • (a) The cuases of his attaining the Samadhi
    • (d) Two types of individuals whose finding of Dhamma is slow
      
    • Conclusion
      
    • Quick reference from Pali to English Language
  • iNapa Winery

    by Hla Min

    Updated : May 2025

    Gordon Kaung (M83) and Lillian Kaung (EC83) founded iNapa Winery.

    The Winery has hosted gatherings

    • for NorCal RITAA meetings
    • to welcome sayas visiting from overseas
    • to welcome staff of the Myanmar Consulate in Los Angeles

    Kan So Kan Kaung

    During the Napa fires, Gordon and Lillian had to follow their neighbor to get out from the back roads. They had to spend three weeks before returning to the Winery. They were relieved to find the buildings intact.

    Gathering at iNapa Winery on April 20, 2019

    Gordon Kaung (M83) and Lillian Kaung (EC83) hosted a gathering at iNapa Winery for U Tin Yu (Consul General for Los Angeles) and his family and invited guests from NorCal RITAA and the Myanmar Community.

    U Tin Yu and his spouse reminded me that they took courses at UCC as part of the requirement for M.Com. along with Sayama Daw Yin Yin Myint and Sayama Daw Hla Myint (Connie).

    It is the fourth overseas assignment for U Tin Yu. His previous assignments include Katmandu, Egypt and Canberra.

    On behalf of the Consulate in Los Angeles, U Tin Yu presented the Myanmar flag to iNapa winery.

    iNapa winery presented premium wine bottles to U Tin Yu, the Cosulate staff and Myanmar Gazette.