Indian

• Deep is an Indian word meaning Light.
  The extended meaning is Wisdom.
• Several Indian names have “Deep” (e.g. Deepak).
• Deepavali is the Indian Festival of Lights.
  Some call it Diwali.
  During our younger days, some Hindu friends would give us Indian sweets as part of their Diwali celebrations.

Measure

• We express the depth of a physical object or an idea as “Deep” or “Shallow“.
• In computer applications, we use “Deep copy” of “Shallow copy” of objects.

Deep Thought (CMU)

• Deep Thought was a Chess Machine (hardware and software) developed by Ph.D. students at CMU (Carnegie Mellon University).
• One Ph.D. student designed and implemented a special purpose chip to implement multi-ply search.
• Two Ph.D. students, who are Chess experts, designed and implemented the algorithms to play championship level chess.
• Two more Ph.D. students provided feedback and assistance.
• Deep Thought beat the competitors to become World Computer Chess Champion.

Deep Blue (IBM)

• IBM (International Business Machines) recruited the three of the five Ph.D. graduates (who worked on Deep Thought) to develop Deep Blue and challenge Gary Kasparov (World Chess Champion) to a Best-of-five match.
• Kasparov prevailed in the first encounter, but made a costly error — a prime example of “To err is human” — to lose in the second encounter.
• IBM made intensive preparations.
  It hired several Grand Masters for studying Kasparov’s games and techniques.

Deep Learning

• Deep Learning is an advanced form of Machine Learning.
• It has become a core subject in AI (Artificial Intelligence) courses.

Deep Sleep

• There are numerous studies about Sleep and Insomnia.
• Most people need about seven hours sleep.
• Sleeping more than eight hours may be detrimental to one’s well being.
• The quality of sleep (e.g. Deep sleep) is important.