There are several ways to classify learning.

One example is the Four Pillars of Learning:

Learning to know

both formal (via schooling) and informal (via senses)

Learning to do

both formal (via a mentor or supervisor) and informal

Learning to be

e.g. a professional (doctor, engineer, scientist, public speaker)

Learning to live

e.g. a happy and fruitful life (with peace and tranquility)

There is meta-learning and efficient learning (e.g. Learning how to learn). For AI (artificial intelligence), there is Machine Learning (which may be supervised or unsupervised) and Deep Learning (from large sets of data).

Rote learning is not very effective. An effective technique is to perform repetitions (or revisions) at specified intervals.